SWOT & SWOC: A Literature Review-based Evidence from Kurukshetra (Mahabharata) War

Abstract

Purpose: The Mahabharata is a grand epic that poetically narrates a legendary war, deeply embedded in Indian mythology. While the sheer scale of this ancient war, believed to have taken place around 3000 B.C., continues to intrigue modern civilizations, it also serves as a stark reminder of the devastating consequences of large-scale conflicts. The Kurukshetra War, involving nearly every major power of its time, left a lasting impact that resonates even today, offering invaluable lessons. This paper aims to analyze the strategic insights from the Mahabharata through SWOT and SWOC frameworks. The researchers explore these matrices by examining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges faced by the two rival factions - the Pandavas and the Kauravas - while also drawing literary evidence to support these analyses.

Objective: The researchers have outlined the following key objectives, focusing on two broad research questions: (1) To examine SWOT through Kurukshetra (Mahabharata) War. (2) To evaluate SWOC through Kurukshetra (Mahabharata) War.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This study relies on secondary data and available evidence. Hypotheses were formulated for the selected variables and examined rigorously to validate or refute them with accuracy.

Findings/Results: The researchers extract key SWOT and SWOC insights from the epic Mahabharata, which is not only a legendary war narrative but also a rich source of strategic lessons. Throughout the conflict, the Kauravas often made hasty decisions during crises, failing to consider subtle yet crucial factors such as emotions, intuition, and spiritual discernment, demonstrating significant weaknesses and threats. In contrast, the Pandavas exemplified teamwork, strategic planning, and adaptability, showcasing strengths and opportunities essential for collective success. Ultimately, this study reflects on these factors to gain a deeper understanding of the Mahabharata’s strategic dimensions through the SWOT and SWOC frameworks.

Research Limitations/Implications: Further the fact, the battle between the Pandavas and the Kauravas was destined even before it began, as Shri Krishna revealed to Arjuna during his Visvarupa. The Kauravas' defeat can primarily be attributed to a single pivotal event, resulting from an act of deceptive misjudgment.

Originality/New Knowledge/Interpretation/Value: Thus, it can be concluded that applying the best practices from the Mahabharata War to the SWOT and SWOC Matrix in management can lead to a renewed perspective. This approach can enhance organizational and team performance, enabling them to function more effectively and achieve greater success in the future.

Paper Type: This study relies on secondary data and existing evidence.