Poornaprajna International Journal of Teaching & Research Case Studies (PIJTRCS)
Journal Title: Poornaprajna International Journal of Teaching & Research Case Studies (PIJTRCS) Journal Initial: International - Multidisciplinary Journal Abbreviation: PIJTRCS E-ISSN: 3107-8494 Crossref DOI: 10.64818/PIJPL.3107.8494 Publisher Contact: Poornaprajna Institute of Management, Managed by Udupi Shree Adamaru Matha Education Council, Volakkadu, Udupi - 576101, Karnataka, India E-Mail: poornaprajnapublications@pim.ac.in Country: India Journal Description: Poornaprajna International Journal of Teaching & Research Case Studies (PIJTRCS) Country of Publication: India Publisher: Poornaprajna Institute of Management Format: Open Access Year of Start: 2024 Indexed and Available from: Google Scholar Frequency: 2 Issues per year Language: English Scope: Multidisciplinary in Teaching and Research Case Studies Article Processing Charge: Free Types of Journal: Academic/ Scholarly Journals Open Access: Yes Indexed & Abstracted: Yes Policy: Double-blinded Peer Review Publication Ethics: Editorial Ethics Policy Review Time: Four to Eight Weeks Approximately Contact & Submission Email: contact@poornaprajnapublication.com Poornaprajna International Journal of Teaching & Research Case Studies (PIJTRCS) with E-ISSN: 3107-8494 is an online, not-for-profit, Poornaprajna Group, Udupi sponsored free publication, blind peer-reviewed, open-access, bi-annual, but continuous weekly uploading of accepted papers, plagiarism-free, refereed research journal published by Poornaprajna Institute of Management, Udupi, India. PIJTRCS offers free publication opportunity to its authors, allows to keep Copyright of the scholarly paper with the authors. It provides a global author-centric publishing platform for Professors, Research scholars, academicians, professionals, and students engaged in Research. The main aim of PIJTRCS is to become the world’s leading Author-Centred fast publication journal that is preferred and trusted by the research community through publishing authentic, peer-reviewed, and scientifically developed research articles of international calibre. PIJTRCS publishes Teaching Case Studies and Research Case Studies in the field of Business Management, Education, Social Sciences, and Health Sciences, etc. The Journal publishes scholarly articles in English. PIJTRCS accepts exceptional Teaching & Research contribution from the authors in the form of simulation models, case studies, and technical notes. All submissions are also checked for plagiarism. The length of the manuscript must be between five (5) to fifty (50) journal pages excluding references. The journal follows the |C|O|P|E| (Committee on Publication Ethics) guidance while accepting scholarly papers for publication. The Article Processing Charge (APC) subsidized for Faculty Members, Students, and Research Scholars of Poornaprajna Group by its Research Fund.
CEO Analysis of Siddhartha Mohanty as an Insider-Reformer of Life Insurance Corporation of India
Purpose: The purpose of this research case study is to conduct a focused, in-depth examination of Siddhartha Mohanty’s strategic decisions and leadership style during his tenure at the Life Insurance Corporation of India. The study aims to evaluate his influence on organizational outcomes by systematically analyzing his performance through multiple frameworks, including SWOC, ABCD, and the CEO Performance Matrix. Ultimately, the research seeks to illustrate how individual agency and contextual factors intertwine to shape the transition of a state-owned behemoth in a modern market. Methodology: This exploratory case study utilizes data gathered from credible sources such as official websites, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPT tools, and analyzes the information using suitable analytical frameworks aligned with the study’s objectives. Result/Analysis: The research analysis reveals that Siddhartha Mohanty’s leadership at LIC reflects a balanced blend of strategic reform, digital transformation, and institutional stability within a transitioning state-owned enterprise. The application of SWOC, ABCD, PESTLE, KPIs, and the CEO Performance Matrix indicates his role as an insider-reformer who strengthened governance, enhanced operational efficiency, and accelerated technological modernization while sustaining market leadership. Overall, the case study demonstrates that his executive decisions significantly contributed to LIC’s post-IPO transition toward a more competitive, transparent, and digitally integrated insurance organization. Originality/Value: The originality of this research case study lies in its structured and multi-framework evaluation of Siddhartha Mohanty’s leadership using SWOC, ABCD, PESTLE, KPIs, CEOPA, and the CEO Performance Matrix, thereby transforming a contemporary executive profile into a rigorous scholarly analysis. The study adds value by bridging leadership theory with real-time institutional transformation at LIC, offering a replicable analytical model for evaluating CEOs of large state-owned enterprises undergoing digital and market transitions. Type of Paper: Qualitative Exploratory Case Study.
The Sweet Revolution: The Rise of the Chocolate Industry in India
Purpose: The purpose of this research case study is to explore the historical evolution and current transformation of the Indian chocolate industry, which has grown from a niche luxury market into a rapidly expanding mass-market sector. It specifically aims to analyze the pivotal role of artificial intelligence and advanced technology in revolutionizing production efficiency, supply chain optimization, and consumer engagement strategies. Methodology: This exploratory research case study makes use of collected information from various authentic sources, including websites, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPTs, and is analyzed using appropriate Analysis frameworks as per the objectives of the paper Result/Analysis: The research analysis highlights that the Indian chocolate industry is undergoing a significant transformation driven by urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and the strategic integration of artificial intelligence to optimize manufacturing and supply chain operations. Through various frameworks like SWOC, ABCD, PESTLE, the study identifies that while the industry benefits from strong brand presence and growing domestic cocoa production, it must still navigate challenges such as high price sensitivity and a heavy dependency on imported raw materials. Ultimately, the results suggest that the adoption of AI-driven tools for personalized marketing and predictive maintenance is essential for domestic players to remain competitive against global brands and achieve long-term sustainability. Originality/Value: This research case study provides unique value by examining the digital transformation of the Indian chocolate sector, specifically highlighting how artificial intelligence revolutionizes production efficiency and supply chain transparency. Its originality lies in the application of multi-dimensional analytical frameworks like SWOC and ABCD to bridge the gap between traditional manufacturing and the future of AI-driven, consumer-centric operations. Type of paper: Exploratory research-based Case Study.
A Data-Driven Analysis of Global Retail and E-Commerce Industry Demand
Purpose: This study aims to comprehensively analyze the demand in the global retail and e-commerce industry by examining the key drivers, trends, and challenges that shape growth. It focuses on understanding changing consumer behaviour, technological adoption, economic and social influences, and stakeholder perspectives, while identifying opportunities and constraints that impact operational efficiency and competitiveness. The research seeks to provide actionable insights for businesses, policymakers, investors, and consumers to navigate a rapidly evolving digital marketplace. Methodology: A multi-faceted research approach was employed, including an extensive literature review, secondary data analysis from industry reports, and application of structured analytical frameworks. The study utilizes SWOC (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Challenges), ABCD (Advantages, Benefits, Constraints, Disadvantages), and PESTEL (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, Legal) analyses to evaluate both internal and external factors influencing the industry. Stakeholder perspectives were incorporated to assess how retailers, consumers, policymakers, and investors perceive opportunities, risks, and challenges within the global retail and e-commerce environment. Results & Analysis: Findings indicate that technological advancements, including AI, big data analytics, mobile applications, and digital payments, are central to enhancing efficiency and customer engagement. Consumer preferences for convenience, personalized services, and seamless online experiences strongly influence demand patterns. The SWOC and ABCD analyses highlight key opportunities, such as expansion into emerging markets, digital innovation, and sustainable practices, alongside challenges like regulatory compliance, cybersecurity risks, and market saturation. PESTEL analysis underscores the impact of political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors in shaping strategies and operational outcomes. Originality: This research provides a holistic and integrated perspective on the global retail and e-commerce industry by combining demand analysis with multiple strategic frameworks and stakeholder insights. It moves beyond conventional studies by linking technological, social, environmental, and regulatory factors with practical strategies for addressing challenges and leveraging opportunities, offering a unique multi-dimensional view of the industry. Value: The study delivers practical and actionable guidance for key stakeholders. Retailers can optimize technology adoption, improve supply chain efficiency, and enhance customer experiences. Policymakers can design supportive infrastructure and regulations. Investors can make informed decisions based on market trends and risks, and consumers can make responsible, informed choices. Overall, the research contributes to academic understanding, strategic business planning, and policy formulation in the global retail and e-commerce sector. Type of Paper: Applied Research / Analytical Research Paper.
Vedic Humanism and Global Ethics: Relevance of Swami Dayananda’s Thought in Multicultural Societies
Purpose: The present multicultural society encounters various ethical challenges because it requires institutions which will connect shared values to cultural diversity acceptance. This paper investigates how Vedic Humanism from Maharishi Dayananda Saraswati provides an ethical framework which works for these specific situations. Dayananda used reason to reinterpret Vedic thought while promoting ethical principles which apply to all people and social equality to eliminate superstition and ritualistic practices and discriminatory social structures. His belief that dharma exists through moral actions instead of birth or religious beliefs or ritual practices creates an ethical framework which works for societies with multiple religious groups. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Analysis/ Results: This paper demonstrates that Dayananda's philosophical ideas contained elements which match contemporary global ethical principles through his defence of human dignity and his promotion of rational thinking and educational development and his belief in universal moral duties. His philosophical method combines spiritual knowledge with logical moral rules which stop him from choosing between complete dogmatic beliefs and completely flexible moral standards. Originality/ Values: The study applies thematic analysis to dharma and equality and reason and education to show how Vedic Humanism supports dialogue between cultures and develops democratic leadership and ethical administration in diverse communities. The study concludes that Swami Dayananda’s thought provides an indigenous yet globally relevant ethical framework capable of addressing contemporary moral crises without erasing cultural plurality. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research.
Understanding Emotional Depths: How The Carnatic Trinity’s Living Legacy Shaped Tamil Nadu's Musical Heritage
Purpose: The Carnatic Trinity—Śrī Tyāgarāja, Muthusvāmi Dīkṣitar, and Śyāma Śāstri—occupy a foundational position in shaping the emotional, aesthetic, and spiritual contours of Tamil Nadu’s musical heritage. Their kritis are not merely musical compositions but profound vehicles of bhāva (emotive expression), bhakti (devotion), and philosophical reflection. This paper examines how the Trinity’s works articulated deep emotional states—such as surrender, yearning, awe, compassion, and moral resolve—while simultaneously systematizing rāga grammar, tāla structure, and lyrical sophistication. Drawing upon temple traditions, Vedic symbolism, Śākta and Vaiṣṇava theology, and lived devotional practices of Tamil Nadu, the Trinity transformed Carnatic music into an experiential art form capable of emotional transcendence. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Analysis/ Results: The study situates their compositions within the socio-religious milieu of eighteenth–nineteenth century Tamil Nadu and analyses how their emotive depth shaped pedagogy, performance practice, and cultural memory. By integrating musicological analysis with cultural history, this paper argues that the Trinity’s kritis established an enduring emotional vocabulary that continues to define Carnatic music’s identity in Tamil Nadu. Their legacy endures not only in concert platforms and institutions but also in the collective emotional consciousness of the region. Originality/ Values: The musical legacy of the Trinity stands as a testament to how emotional expression can transcend time and place through artistic innovation. These three composer-saints, though primarily working in Telugu and Sanskrit, permanently altered Tamil Nadu's cultural landscape through their distinctive approaches to devotional music. Tyāgarāja's direct emotional simplicity, Dīkṣitar's architectural grandeur, and Śyāma Śāstri's rhythmic complexity together created a comprehensive emotional vocabulary that continues to resonate with performers and listeners alike. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research.
Strategic Evaluation of British American Tobacco Company: Navigating Innovation, Ethics, and Market Dynamics
Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly paper, “Strategic Evaluation of British American Tobacco: Navigating Innovation, Ethics, and Market Dynamics,” is to critically assess how British American Tobacco (BAT) integrates strategic innovation, ethical responsibility, and adaptive market dynamics to sustain competitiveness in a highly regulated global tobacco industry. The study aims to explore how BAT balances profitability with public accountability, technological transformation, and stakeholder trust. Ultimately, it seeks to derive actionable insights on how multinational corporations in controversial or restricted industries can achieve sustainable growth while maintaining ethical compliance and social legitimacy. Methodology: This study adopts a descriptive and analytical research design to evaluate British American Tobacco’s global strategic positioning, innovation-driven initiatives, and ethical governance practices. The research relies primarily on secondary and qualitative data collected from BAT’s annual reports, sustainability reports, industry white papers, scholarly journals, financial databases, and regulatory disclosures. Analytical frameworks such as SWOC analysis, ABCD model, financial performance analysis, and ethical strategy evaluation were applied to interpret BAT’s operational efficiency, innovation adaptability, and ethical leadership in evolving market conditions. The required information for the analysis is collected for identified keywords using the Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. Analysis & Suggestions: The analysis reveals that British American Tobacco’s strategic success is anchored in its robust global distribution network, strong brand equity, and commitment to product innovation through new categories such as reduced-risk products and digital transformation. However, challenges persist in the form of regulatory pressures, ethical controversies, and declining cigarette consumption in mature markets. It is suggested that BAT strengthen its sustainability and ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) practices, accelerate research and innovation in alternative nicotine delivery systems, and enhance transparency in stakeholder engagement. Focusing on ethical marketing, health-conscious diversification, and digital modernization can further improve BAT’s global reputation, profitability, and long-term resilience. Originality/Value: This study presents a comprehensive strategic evaluation of British American Tobacco by integrating SWOC, ABCD, financial, and ethical analyses within a unified framework. It contributes original value by linking strategic innovation, corporate ethics, and market adaptability to tangible business outcomes. The findings offer meaningful insights for academicians, policymakers, and corporate leaders seeking to understand how companies operating in ethically sensitive sectors can sustain competitiveness while aligning with global sustainability and regulatory expectations. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.
Leadership and Strategic Vision: A Scholarly Analysis of CEO Anders Opedal’s Tenure at Equinor
Purpose: CEO analysis is a critical research topic that examines a leader’s strategic decisions, leadership style, and impact on organizational performance. Understanding a CEO’s influence helps MBA students develop insights into corporate governance, strategic management, and leadership effectiveness. This analysis equips future business leaders with the knowledge to assess executive decision-making and its long-term implications on business success. Methodology: An exploratory qualitative approach has been utilized in this study to collect and analyze relevant data. Sources include keyword-based searches conducted through Google Search, Google Scholar, and AI-enabled GPT systems, followed by structured analysis in accordance with the research aims. Results / Analysis: This paper provides an in-depth analysis of Anders Opedal, the CEO of Equinor, highlighting his professional journey, leadership approach, and impact on the company, industry, and broader energy sector. Equinor is a leading Norwegian energy company focused on oil, gas, and renewable energy, driving the transition toward sustainability. Anders Opedal, appointed CEO in 2020, has emphasized digitalization, decarbonization, and strategic innovation to position Equinor for a low-carbon future. His leadership reflects a commitment to balancing profitability with environmental responsibility in the evolving global energy landscape. Originality / Values: The research concludes with strategic recommendations, considering emerging energy trends, sustainability imperatives, and the evolving expectations of stakeholders. This study offers a comprehensive perspective on how individual leadership can shape a company's trajectory in a dynamic global context. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research Case Study.
Aviation Industry Analysis with Special Reference to Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Purpose: To critically examine the aviation sector’s role as a cornerstone of global logistics. It aims to analyze how airlines, airports, and cargo operators contribute to supply chain efficiency, competitiveness, and resilience. By applying multiple analytical frameworks, the study seeks to identify key opportunities, challenges, and strategic directions for strengthening aviation-driven logistics networks. Methodology: This exploratory research case study gathers data from credible sources such as websites, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPT tools. The collected information is systematically analyzed using analytical frameworks like SWOC, ABCD, and other functional models aligned with the study’s objectives. This approach ensures a comprehensive, multi-dimensional understanding of the aviation industry’s dynamics within logistics and supply chain management. Result/Analysis: The analysis of the research case study “Aviation Industry Analysis with Special Reference to Logistics and Supply Chain Management” reveals that the aviation sector serves as a critical enabler of global supply chains, connecting markets and facilitating the movement of high-value, time-sensitive goods. Using analytical tools such as SWOC, ABCD, and PESTLE, the study identifies the industry’s strengths in speed and connectivity, alongside challenges like high costs and regulatory constraints. The findings emphasize the need for innovation, sustainability, and technological integration to enhance efficiency, resilience, and competitiveness in aviation logistics. Originality/Value: The originality of this research lies in its integrated use of multiple analytical frameworks—SWOC, ABCD, PESTLE, and Value Chain—to evaluate the aviation industry’s role in logistics and supply chain management. It adds value by providing a holistic, data-driven perspective that bridges theoretical analysis with practical insights for improving efficiency, competitiveness, and sustainability in the aviation sector. Type of Paper: Exploratory Qualitative Research Case Study.
Integrated Cargo Carriers / Freight Operators
Emerging Trends and Opportunities in India’s Air Cargo Industry Sector
Purpose: This paper aims to explore the evolving dynamics of India’s air cargo industry in the context of global trade, technological innovation, and economic transformation. It investigates emerging trends, strategic opportunities, and operational challenges using integrated analytical frameworks such as SWOC, ABCD, and PESTLE. The study seeks to provide actionable insights for stakeholders to enhance competitiveness, sustainability, and service quality in a rapidly changing logistics landscape. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in the Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analyzed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Analysis: The analysis of the air cargo industry highlights its rapid growth driven by globalization, e-commerce, and technological advancements, while also revealing challenges such as infrastructure limitations, regulatory complexities, and environmental concerns. Strategic frameworks like SWOC, ABCD, and PESTLE underscore the need for digital transformation, sustainability initiatives, and policy support to enhance operational efficiency and competitiveness. The paper suggests that stakeholders should invest in smart logistics, expand into emerging markets, and adopt eco-friendly practices to capitalize on future opportunities. Originality/Value: The originality of this paper lies in its comprehensive application of multiple strategic frameworks—SWOC, ABCD, and PESTLE—to analyze the air cargo industry, offering a multidimensional perspective rarely combined in similar studies. By focusing on India’s emerging market context, the paper adds localized insights to a predominantly global discourse, highlighting region-specific opportunities and challenges. Its value is further enhanced by addressing the intersection of digitalization, sustainability, and policy, making it a relevant resource for academics, policymakers, and industry stakeholders. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.
Procter & Gamble: Mastering Global Markets Through Innovation, Strategy, and Consumer Excellence
Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly paper, “Procter & Gamble: Mastering Global Markets Through Innovation, Strategy, and Consumer Excellence,” is to analyze how P&G integrates innovation, strategic management, and consumer-driven approaches to sustain leadership in the global FMCG sector. The study aims to uncover the interconnections between technology, sustainability, and stakeholder collaboration that shape P&G’s long-term competitiveness and value creation. Ultimately, it seeks to derive actionable insights that can guide multinational corporations in balancing profitability with purpose and market responsiveness. Methodology: This study adopts a descriptive and analytical research design to examine Procter & Gamble’s global business performance and strategic management practices. Both secondary and qualitative data were utilized, collected from credible sources such as P&G’s annual reports, SEC filings, scholarly journals, business databases, and reputable industry analyses. Analytical tools, including SWOC analysis, ABCD framework, financial performance assessment, and technological strategy evaluation, were applied to interpret P&G’s operational efficiency, innovation strategy, and market responsiveness. The methodology emphasizes a case study approach, enabling an in-depth understanding of how P&G leverages innovation, consumer insights, and sustainability to maintain global competitiveness and long-term growth. Analysis & Suggestions: The analysis reveals that Procter & Gamble’s sustained success is rooted in its strong brand portfolio, continuous innovation, and data-driven consumer engagement, which together enhance global competitiveness. However, the study identifies challenges such as market saturation, rising operational costs, and the need for faster digital adaptation across emerging markets. It is suggested that P&G intensify its focus on localized innovation, expand sustainable product lines, and strengthen digital transformation to further enhance agility, profitability, and long-term market leadership. Top of Form Bottom of Form Originality/Value: This study offers a unique, multidimensional evaluation of Procter & Gamble by integrating SWOC, ABCD, financial, and technological strategy analyses within a single framework. It contributes original value by linking innovation, sustainability, and consumer-centric strategy to measurable business outcomes, highlighting how P&G effectively balances profit and purpose. The insights derived serve as a valuable reference for academics, policymakers, and business leaders seeking to understand and replicate sustainable success in the global FMCG sector. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.
Parental Expectations and Aspirations: Impacts on Academic Outcomes from School to Pre-University Education – A Review
Purpose: This paper examines how parents’ academic expectations shape School and Pre-University students’ learning experiences. Expectations can motivate when balanced, but cause stress when excessive. The review explores this delicate balance, highlighting the role of communication gaps between parents and students and considering cultural differences in how expectations are expressed. The goal is to understand their impact on academic performance and emotional well-being and to suggest ways to foster healthier parent-student relationships. Methodology: Instead of reporting on one study alone, this paper brings together insights from many different kinds of research. Some studies rely on numbers and statistics, others use interviews and personal stories, and a few combine both. By weaving together these different approaches, the review highlights where researchers agree, where they differ, and what lessons can be learned from their findings. Results/Analysis: Evidence shows that high but realistic expectations enhance student performance and confidence, whereas overly rigid or extreme expectations can lead to stress, anxiety, and burnout. Peer comparison and fear of failure further affect mental health. Responses vary according to gender, family income, and cultural background. A key finding is that students flourish when parents pair expectations with open communication, understanding, and emotional support. Originality/Value: This review emphasizes the human dimensions of education- emotions, relationships, and cultural context- beyond grades and exams. It shows that academic support rooted in empathy and balance fosters both achievement and resilience. For parents, educators, and policymakers, these insights offer practical guidance for nurturing young learners without undue pressure. Type of the paper: Review Article.
Determining Factors and Measures to Detect and Prevent Bank Fraud for the Growth of Financial Sustainability
Background: The ability of banks to detect and prevent fraudulent activities is critical for their sustained growth and financial viability. Fraud not only threatens institutional integrity but also impacts the broader economy. Objective: This study aims to examine effective strategies for preventing bank fraud and to identify key internal and external factors contributing to its occurrence. It investigates the methods employed by fraudsters and highlights vulnerabilities within financial institutions. Methods: A comprehensive review and situational analysis of existing literature were conducted to understand fraud mechanisms and prevention approaches within banks. Results: The study finds that a multifaceted fraud detection system based on diverse determinants is essential. Proactive measures integrating multiple prevention tactics significantly enhance banks’ ability to detect, prevent, and control fraudulent activities. Conclusion: Effective fraud management systems play a vital role in ensuring institutional growth, stability, and long-term sustainability in the banking sector. Maintaining the integrity of financial institutions through robust fraud prevention is crucial for economic health.
Technological Strategy of Apple in India: Business Challenges and Growth Opportunities
Purpose: The purpose of this research case study is to conduct a comprehensive company analysis of Apple India, examining its strategic, operational, and financial dimensions within the Indian market. It applies multi-dimensional analytical frameworks such as SWOC and ABCD to evaluate Apple’s technological strategy, market positioning, and localized innovation efforts. The study aims to derive actionable insights and recommendations to enhance Apple’s competitiveness and growth in one of the world’s fastest-growing digital economies. Methodology: This exploratory research case study makes use of collected information from various authentic sources, including websites, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPTs, and is analyzed using appropriate Analysis frameworks as per the objectives of the paper. Result/Analysis: The analysis reveals that Apple India leverages its strengths in brand equity, design excellence, and an integrated ecosystem to navigate a price-sensitive market, though it faces challenges like premium pricing and limited rural penetration. Key opportunities identified include expanding local manufacturing, targeting the mid-tier segment, and deepening its service ecosystem with localized content. The study concludes that Apple's future growth hinges on balancing its global innovation with strategic localization in pricing, retail, and product features to enhance accessibility and competitiveness. Originality/Value: This research case study offers original value by providing a comprehensive, multi-dimensional analysis of Apple India’s technological and strategic positioning, integrating localized insights with global innovation frameworks. It contributes actionable recommendations tailored to India’s unique market dynamics, bridging academic rigor with practical managerial implications. Type of paper: Qualitative exploratory research-based Case Study.
CEO Analysis of Demis Hassabis of DeepMind Technologies Limited
Purpose: The purpose of developing the scholarly article titled “The CEO Analysis of Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind Technologies Limited” is to critically examine how Hassabis’s unique interdisciplinary background and visionary leadership have shaped DeepMind’s technological breakthroughs and strategic direction. The study aims to explore his role in advancing artificial general intelligence (AGI) while promoting ethical AI, using structured frameworks such as SWOC, KPIs, ABCD, and CEOPA. Through this analysis, the article seeks to provide insights into the broader influence of executive leadership on innovation, research integrity, and global AI governance. It ultimately contributes to scholarly discourse on high-tech leadership and sustainable, responsible innovation. Methodology: This study employs an exploratory qualitative research method, where data is gathered through keyword-based searches on Google, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPTs, and subsequently analyzed and interpreted in line with the paper’s objectives. Results & Analysis: Based on the comprehensive analysis, Demis Hassabis demonstrates exceptional leadership characterized by a unique blend of visionary strategy and scientific rigor, resulting in transformative breakthroughs such as AlphaGo and AlphaFold. The SWOC and ABCD analyses reveal his strengths in fostering innovation and ethical governance, while also identifying challenges like balancing pure research with commercial expectations and managing high operational costs. Benchmarking against competitors highlights his distinct position in achieving peer-reviewed, cross-domain scientific impact, though others lead in rapid productization or ecosystem scaling. Overall, the multi-framework evaluation positions Hassabis as a high-impact, transformational leader whose interdisciplinary approach effectively translates ambitious research into real-world scientific and societal value. Originality & Value: Based on the uploaded scholarly article, this study offers significant originality and value by being the first to apply structured analytical frameworks like SWOC, ABCD, and the CEO Performance Matrix specifically to Demis Hassabis's leadership at DeepMind. It provides a novel, multi-dimensional evaluation of how a scientist-CEO's unique interdisciplinary background translates into both breakthrough innovations and sustainable ethical governance. The research delivers actionable insights for high-tech leadership and contributes a replicable methodological blueprint for analyzing CEO impact in frontier technology sectors. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research-based Case Study.
Strategic Analysis of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited: An Exploratory Case Study of Healthcare Innovation, Ethical Practices, and Business Transformation
Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly paper is to conduct an in-depth strategic analysis of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., focusing on its innovation capabilities, ethical practices, and business transformation. Through an exploratory case study approach, the paper aims to bridge theoretical business concepts with real-world strategic decisions within the pharmaceutical sector. By evaluating financial data, market dynamics, and operational models, the study seeks to generate evidence-based insights to inform strategic decision-making and long-term growth planning. Methodology: This analysis employs an exploratory qualitative research approach to gather and analyze relevant data. The information is sourced through keyword-based searches using Google Search, Google Patent Search, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPT models. The collected information is then systematically analyzed and interpreted in alignment using various company analysis frameworks, including SWOC analysis, ABCD analysis, as per the study's objectives Results & Analysis: The analysis reveals that Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. demonstrates strong financial stability, innovation in AI integration, and a competitive edge in global generics and specialty drugs. However, challenges such as high operational costs, regulatory burdens, and limited proprietary AI infrastructure remain significant. To sustain its market leadership and align with future healthcare demands, the study suggests enhancing digital transformation, expanding ethical AI capabilities, and adopting a patient-centric innovation model to improve stakeholder engagement and long-term value creation. Originality/Value: This scholarly article offers original value by combining multiple analytical frameworks—such as SWOT, ABCD, and financial analysis—to holistically assess Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.'s strategic direction. It uniquely integrates the perspectives of healthcare innovation, ethical governance, and global business transformation within a single case study. The paper contributes to academic literature by providing actionable insights for scholars and practitioners interested in emerging market leadership and sustainable pharmaceutical strategies. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.
Company Analysis of Tata Motors Limited, India, with special Reference to the Electric Vehicle (EV) Segment
Purpose: To critically examine Tata Motors’ strategic evolution and innovation in the EV sector through an exploratory case study approach. It aims to assess the company’s internal strengths and weaknesses, external opportunities and challenges, and the influence of government policies and technological advancements on its EV strategy. By applying multiple analytical frameworks such as SWOC, ABCD, and PESTLE, the study intends to generate insights that guide both academic theory and practical recommendations for strengthening Tata Motors’ competitiveness and sustainable mobility leadership. Methodology: This paper adopts an exploratory qualitative approach, gathering information through keyword searches on Google, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPTs, which is then analyzed and interpreted based on the study’s objectives. Analysis & Results: The article reveals that Tata Motors has established itself as the market leader in India’s EV segment, driven by its early-mover advantage, strong brand trust, and vertically integrated Tata ecosystem. The SWOC and ABCD analyses highlight the company’s strengths in indigenous technology, affordability, and charging infrastructure, while also identifying challenges such as high battery costs, limited range, and after-sales service constraints. PESTLE and financial analyses show that favorable government policies, rising consumer demand for green mobility, and increased R&D investments have positively impacted Tata’s EV growth, with the segment recently achieving EBITDA profitability. Overall, the findings demonstrate that Tata Motors’ strategic positioning, coupled with its innovation-led approach, has enabled it to dominate the domestic EV market while preparing for global competitiveness. Originality & Values: The article provides an integrated use of multiple analytical frameworks—SWOC, ABCD, PESTLE, financial, and technology strategy—to provide a holistic evaluation of Tata Motors’ EV journey. Unlike existing studies that focus narrowly on market share or technology, this research combines stakeholder perspectives, policy impacts, and organizational strategies to deliver deeper insights. Its findings add value by bridging theory and practice, offering both academic contributions and practical recommendations for strengthening India’s EV ecosystem. Type of Paper: Exploratory research Case Study.
Strategic Analysis of DeepMind Technologies Limited: An Exploratory Case Study of AI Innovation, Ethics, and Business Evolution
Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly paper is to conduct an in-depth exploratory case study of DeepMind Technologies Limited, analyzing its strategic evolution, technological innovation, and ethical commitments within the dynamic AI industry. By applying comprehensive business frameworks such as SWOC, ABCD, and PESTLE, the study aims to evaluate DeepMind’s internal capabilities, external challenges, and societal responsibilities. The research further seeks to generate actionable insights that inform stakeholder engagement, competitive positioning, and responsible AI development in contemporary business environments. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Analysis & Suggestions: The analysis of DeepMind Technologies Limited highlights its strategic strengths in pioneering AI research, ethical innovation frameworks, and robust Alphabet support, yet it also faces challenges such as limited commercialization and regulatory scrutiny. To sustain long-term impact, DeepMind must prioritize transparency in ethical KPIs, enhance cross-industry collaborations, and diversify its AI applications to broader sectors like education, healthcare, and climate change. These measures would ensure greater societal value, stakeholder trust, and responsible leadership in the evolving landscape of artificial intelligence. Originality/Value: This paper offers a holistic and multi-dimensional analysis of DeepMind Technologies Limited by integrating strategic, ethical, technological, and stakeholder perspectives. It contributes original insights into how AI-driven companies can balance cutting-edge research with sustainable innovation and responsible governance. The study's framework provides a valuable reference for future research and strategic planning in the field of ethical AI and corporate innovation. Type of Paper: Case study based on Exploratory Research.
Blockchain-Based Digital Identity Management System: US 10,992,478 B2 – A Patent Analysis
Purpose: To examine and critically analyze the U.S. Patent 10,992,478 B2, which introduces a blockchain-based digital identity management system. It aims to assess the patent’s technical features, innovative claims, and potential applications in enhancing security, privacy, and user control in identity verification processes. Furthermore, the study seeks to contextualize the invention within the broader landscape of blockchain innovations, evaluating its significance, competitive advantages, and implications for future digital identity solutions. Methodology: The study uses an exploratory qualitative research design to gather and analyze data on the selected patent, sourcing information through keyword-based searches on platforms like Google Search, Google Patent Search, Google Scholar, and AI-powered GPT models. The collected data was systematically curated, organized, and interpreted to align with the research objectives. Analytical frameworks such as SWOC and ABCD/ABCDEF were applied to generate structured insights into the patent’s technological, strategic, and commercial dimensions. Results & Analysis: The results of the analysis reveal that U.S. Patent 10,992,478 B2 offers a robust framework for secure, decentralized digital identity management leveraging blockchain’s immutability and distributed ledger capabilities. The technical assessment highlights the system’s ability to minimize identity fraud, enhance user control over personal data, and enable interoperability across different platforms and services. Comparative analysis with existing solutions shows that the patented design stands out for its comprehensive security architecture, multi-factor authentication integration, and potential scalability in real-world applications. Originality & Values: The originality of this study lies in its focused examination of a specific granted patent, U.S. Patent 10,992,478 B2, within the niche yet rapidly evolving domain of blockchain-enabled digital identity management. By dissecting its technical claims, architectural innovations, and practical implications, the article offers a unique lens for understanding how patented blockchain solutions can redefine identity verification. The value of this work is in providing scholars, industry practitioners, and policymakers with actionable insights into the patent’s potential to influence secure digital ecosystems and future technological developments. Type of Paper: Case Study-based Exploratory Research.
Decoding BBK Electronics: A Fresh Perspective on Its Business Model and Market Playbook
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to examine the unique corporate strategy of BBK Electronics and how it maintains multiple competing sub-brands under a unified parent structure. The study aims to explore how BBK’s decentralized yet synergistic business model enables market penetration, innovation, and global brand positioning. By conducting an in-depth analysis of BBK’s operations, brand architecture, and strategic moves, the article seeks to provide academic insights into alternative corporate structures and disruptive competition strategies in the global electronics industry. Methodology: This study adopts an exploratory qualitative research methodology to collect and examine pertinent data. Information is gathered through targeted keyword searches using platforms such as Google Search, Google Patent Search, Google Scholar, and AI-assisted GPT models. The retrieved data is then methodically analyzed and interpreted using structured company analysis frameworks—including SWOC and ABCD analyses—in alignment with the research objectives. Results & Analysis: The article provides insights into BBK Electronics' unconventional multi-brand strategy, where brands like OPPO, Vivo, Realme, and OnePlus operate with distinct identities while benefiting from shared R&D and supply chain synergies. The analysis highlights how this strategic fragmentation enables BBK to dominate diverse market segments without direct brand conflict, thereby maximizing market coverage and consumer appeal. Additionally, the study emphasizes BBK’s agile innovation cycles, region-specific marketing, and strategic investments in distribution channels, which collectively fortify its global competitive advantage. Originality/Values: The originality and value of this scholarly work lie in its novel analytical approach to demystifying BBK Electronics’ operational and branding strategies. Unlike traditional studies that focus on individual smartphone brands like Oppo, Vivo, or OnePlus, this article uniquely connects their parent company, BBK Electronics, as a central innovator, deploying a decentralized brand management structure. By dissecting BBK’s ecosystem strategy, market segmentation, and innovation-driven differentiation, the article offers fresh scholarly value for researchers and industry observers interested in conglomerate-led growth models within the consumer electronics industry. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.
HCL Technologies and the Innovation Flywheel: An Inside Look at Tech-Driven Growth
Purpose: The purpose of developing a scholarly article on “HCL Technologies and the Innovation Flywheel: An Inside Look at Tech-Driven Growth” is to analyze how HCL Technologies strategically leverages its innovation flywheel to foster sustained, technology-driven growth. Drawing from the abstract and the outlined objectives, the article aims to examine internal innovation processes, strategic frameworks, and customer-centric approaches that contribute to HCL’s global competitiveness. This research provides insights into the mechanisms that empower HCL’s transformation into a forward-thinking IT services leader, offering valuable lessons for technology management and business strategy scholars. Methodology: This analysis employs an exploratory qualitative research approach to gather and analyze relevant data. The information is sourced through keyword-based searches using Google Search, Google Patent Search, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPT models. The collected information is then systematically analyzed and interpreted in alignment using various company analysis frameworks, including SWOC analysis, ABCD analysis, as per the study's objectives. Results & Analysis: The paper highlights how HCL’s strategic adoption of its innovation flywheel model has led to measurable improvements in both internal processes and client-facing innovations. Through data-driven initiatives, cross-functional collaboration, and IP-led digital solutions, the company has enhanced operational efficiency, client satisfaction, and sustainable growth. The analysis further emphasizes that this structured innovation approach has positioned HCL as a resilient, agile, and future-ready IT services firm. Originality/Values: The originality and value of the article “HCL Technologies and the Innovation Flywheel: An Inside Look at Tech-Driven Growth” lie in its unique conceptual framing of innovation as a continuous flywheel, which integrates leadership behaviour, customer co-creation, and technological agility. This scholarly piece contributes to management and innovation literature by presenting a replicable and adaptable model that demonstrates how large IT firms can sustain growth and adaptability through internal and external innovation cycles. Its relevance extends beyond HCL, offering strategic value to organizations aiming to embed innovation in their DNA for long-term resilience and competitiveness in the digital era. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.
Kroger’s Omnichannel and E-Commerce Evolution: A Comprehensive Analysis of Strategy and Market Impact in Retail
Purpose: Conducting a company analysis as a research case study is vital in business management research, focusing on evaluating a company's operations, financial performance, market position, and strategic decisions. It provides in-depth insights into the company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and risks, serving as a real-world example of business challenges and successes. This method is crucial for understanding key business concepts, improving decision-making, and applying theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios, making it essential for both academic learning and professional growth in business management. Methodology: An exploratory research methodology was employed, gathering relevant information through keyword-based searches on the company’s official website, Google search engine, Google Scholar, and AI-powered tools such as GPTs. The collected data was then analysed using various analytical frameworks and company analysis models. Results / Analysis: Kroger's company analysis highlights its robust omnichannel and e-commerce strategy, which has been pivotal in enhancing customer convenience and expanding market reach. Through its "Restock Kroger" initiative, the company integrates online and offline shopping experiences by offering home delivery, pickup via click list, and leveraging partnerships like Instacart for faster fulfilment. Kroger’s digital platform and mobile app allow personalized shopping, seamless order tracking, and tailored promotions, significantly boosting its e-commerce presence. By investing in cutting-edge technology, automation, and fulfilment centres, Kroger has positioned itself as a leader in the grocery industry’s digital transformation. Originality / Value: Together, these frameworks offer a holistic understanding of Kroger's digital transformation. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.
CEO Analysis of K. Krithivasan of Tata Consultancy Services
Purpose: The scholarly article "CEO Analysis of K. Krithivasan of Tata Consultancy Services" aims to comprehensively examine CEO K. Krithivasan’s leadership approach, strategic decisions, and their impact on Tata Consultancy Services (TCS). Through analytical frameworks like SWOC, KPIs, ABCD, and established leadership theories, the paper evaluates Krithivasan’s career progression, leadership style, and his contributions to TCS, the broader technology industry, and society. Ultimately, the analysis provides strategic insights and recommendations, equipping future business leaders and MBA students with the necessary understanding to assess corporate leadership, predict organizational outcomes, and effectively navigate complex business environments. Methodology: This study employs an exploratory qualitative research approach to gather and analyze relevant data. The information is sourced through keyword-based searches using Google Search, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPT models. The collected data is then systematically analyzed and interpreted in alignment with the study's objectives. Results/Analysis: This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of K. Krithivasan, the CEO of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), focusing on his career trajectory, leadership style, and contributions to the company, industry, and society. The study utilizes multiple analytical frameworks, including SWOC, KPIs, and ABCD, to assess his influence on TCS’s performance. Originality/Values: The paper evaluates his leadership decisions through established leadership theories and examines his capabilities using the Ten CEO Performance Areas (CEOPA) and the CEO Performance Matrix, concluding with strategic recommendations based on anticipated technological advancements, evolving business models, and shifting stakeholder perceptions. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research Case Study.
The Evolution of Banking Industry in India: Past, Present, and Future with Special Emphasis on the Impact of AI on Banking Operations
Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly paper is to thoroughly investigate the evolution of the banking industry in India, analyzing its historical progression, regulatory environment, and technological innovations, particularly emphasizing the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in contemporary banking operations. By employing systematic frameworks such as SWOC, ABCD, and PESTLE, the study aims to identify key factors shaping current practices, assess market positioning, evaluate stakeholder perspectives, and forecast future trends and opportunities. Ultimately, the paper intends to provide actionable insights and strategic recommendations for policymakers, financial institutions, and investors to effectively navigate and leverage technological advancements, fostering sustained growth and resilience within India's dynamic banking landscape. Methodology: This study employs an exploratory qualitative research approach to gather and analyze relevant data. The information is sourced through keyword-based searches using Google Search, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPT models. The collected data is then systematically analyzed and interpreted in alignment with the study's objectives. Results/Discussion: The article applies multiple industry analysis frameworks, including SWOC (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Challenges) to assess market positioning, ABCD (Advantages, Benefits, Constraints, and Disadvantages) for performance evaluation, and PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental) to understand macroeconomic influences. Novelty/Values: The paper presents strategic recommendations for stakeholders, including policymakers, financial institutions, and investors, to enhance growth, resilience, and innovation in the Indian banking sector. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research Case Study.
Women as Custodians of Spiritual Wisdom: The Evolution of Female Authority from the Vedic Hymns to the Upanishads
Purpose: The Upanishads, foundational texts of Indian philosophy, are often regarded as deeply metaphysical and centred on the pursuit of ultimate knowledge (Brahma-Vidya). While ancient Indian spiritual traditions were largely male-dominated, the Upanishads present several women as intellectual authorities, philosophers, and spiritual seekers who actively engaged in complex metaphysical debates. Women such as Gargi Vachaknavi and Maitreyi played significant roles in spiritual discourse, philosophical inquiry, and scriptural exegesis, challenging societal norms of their time. This paper explores the contributions of these women, analysing their dialogues, teachings, and the broader implications of their presence in the Upanishadic tradition. Methodology used: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Results/ Analysis: The influence of Upanishadic women like Gargi and Maitreyi on Hindu philosophical thought is both profound and enduring. Their contributions not only shaped the evolution of spiritual inquiry in ancient India but also continue to inspire contemporary dialogues on gender and spirituality Originality/ Values: It also examines whether their philosophical engagements indicate a greater inclusivity in Vedic thought or remain isolated instances in a predominantly patriarchal system. By evaluating both historical context and textual interpretations, this study aims to highlight the role of women in shaping early Hindu philosophy and spiritual traditions. Type of Paper: Exploratory research.
Karma and Renunciation: A Comparative Study of Isha Upanishad Verses 2-3 and Bhagavad Gita
Purpose: The Isha Upanishad presents a unique perspective on the interplay between karma (action) and renunciation (sannyāsa), particularly in verses 2 and 3. While advocating for a life of action without attachment, the text also warns against ignorance and material bondage. This paradox resonates with the Bhagavad Gita’s synthesis of karma yoga and jnana yoga, which reconciles duty with spiritual liberation. This study aims to analyze the philosophical and practical implications of karma and renunciation in these two texts, examining their interpretations within Advaita Vedanta, Dvaita Vedanta, and other Hindu traditions. By comparing the Isha Upanishad’s teachings with the Bhagavad Gita’s discourse on selfless action, the research highlights their relevance in contemporary ethical and spiritual discourse. The study seeks to provide a deeper understanding of how these foundational texts guide seekers in navigating the dual path of engagement in the world and spiritual detachment. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Results/Analysis: Both texts highlight that it is not action itself that leads to bondage, but rather the ego's identification with being the 'doer' and attachment to outcomes. By shifting one's perspective and dedicating all actions to the Divine, even mundane tasks can become a form of spiritual practice. Originality/Values: This research aims to provide a deeper understanding of how these texts offer a practical spiritual framework for individuals balancing worldly responsibilities with the pursuit of liberation.
Formulating Vision, Mission, and their Alignment with Program Educational Objectives (PEOs) of the Organization – A Case of Poornaprajna Institute of Management, India
Purpose: To systematically analyze and articulate how the vision and mission of the Poornaprajna Institute of Management (PIM) align with its Program Educational Objectives (PEOs) to enhance the quality and relevance of its MBA program. By examining the strategic alignment of these foundational elements, the study aims to identify gaps in the existing literature on educational program formulation and offer actionable insights for improvement, thereby contributing to the broader discourse on effective management education. Ultimately, the paper seeks to provide a framework for other educational institutions to follow in aligning their educational goals with institutional mission and vision, thereby fostering a more impactful learning environment. Methodology: Exploratory research method is used. Information is collected as per requirement using keywords identified using both traditional literature survey and digital AI tools. The information is analysed as per the objectives of the paper using relevant analysis frameworks. Results/Analysis: The Program Educational Objectives (PEOs) for the MBA programme at Poornaprajna Institute of Management (PIM), Udupi reflect the institute's commitment to nurturing competent, ethical, and socially responsible business leaders. Aligned with the institution's vision and mission, these objectives are designed to ensure that graduates not only excel in the dynamic business world but also contribute meaningfully to society. The PEOs are crafted to focus on developing essential business skills, fostering leadership and innovation, and emphasizing ethics and inclusivity. Originality/Value: The paper aligns the mission of the institution with Programme Educational Objectives of PIM and emphasizes that the alignment of vision, mission, and PEOs is not merely a procedural formality but a strategic necessity that shapes the educational experience and outcomes at PIM. Type of the Paper: Exploratory Research Case study.
Innovations in Management Education – A Case Study of Turnaround Strategy of Poornaprajna Institute of Management, India
Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly article is to examine and analyze the transformative strategies implemented by Poornaprajna Institute of Management (PIM) to address modern challenges in management education. By identifying key turnaround strategies such as enrollment expansion, the introduction of interdisciplinary programs, curriculum innovation, and the development of practical learning platforms, this paper aims to assess the impact of these initiatives on the institute’s reputation and student success. The study also provides a comparative analysis with similar initiatives at other management institutes and offers insights for further enhancement, intending to inspire and guide similar reforms across the field of management education. Methodology: An exploratory research approach is used to investigate transformative strategies within management education. The required information is collected using keywords through Google, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPTs-based information search. The collected relevant information is analyzed, compared, evaluated, and interpreted to create new knowledge. Results/Analysis: The paper identified various turnaround strategies adopted at PIM, Udupi, and analysed these strategies using ABCD stakeholders’ analysis and SWOC analysis framework. The paper also identifies and evaluates these initiatives' proposed Overall impact on the institute’s reputation and student outcomes. Further, a comparative analysis is used to identify similar turnaround strategies in other management institutes. Finally, the paper provided suggestions based on analysis to intensify the turnaround strategies for business management educational institutions. Originality/Value: In this paper, the turnaround strategies and key initiatives of the institution are identified and analysed. These initiates include Enrollment expansion, starting a new MCA program, Leadership Development, Curriculum Autonomy, GIG Economy Readiness Poornaprajna Publication & Consultancy, Digital Library development, and Poornaprajna Incubator to fostering startup ideas and intellectual property creation. This exploration underscores the value of a forward-thinking educational model to build resilient and adaptive business leaders. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.
A Study on the Impact of Capital Adequacy Ratio on Net Non-Performing Assets of Indian Public Sector Banks for the Preceding Five Financial Years
Purpose: The level of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) indicates best the soundness of the banking sector of a nation. The purpose of this study is an effort to look into the impact of CAR on the Net NPAs of all Indian public sector banks across the five preceding financial years and among the banks. Methodology: All the 12 public sector banks at present have been considered for the study. The analysis is based on secondary data collected from the Indian premier bank i.e., RBI website, money control, and other concerned websites. Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation has been used as the sole statistical tool with its usual notation. Further, refinement of the result is done by categorising the derived Correlation Coefficients as ‘High Degree Positive’, ‘High Degree Negative’, and ‘Moderate Degree Negative’. Design/Analysis: The research is exploratory research and has employed secondary data for the purpose of analysis. The Population Size N=12(Total Number of Public Sector Banks at present) and sample size n=12 implies that 100% of the population is selected as samples. Results: The research result highlighted that from 2020 to 2024 in a span of 5 financial years, pertaining to the individual banks are concerned, out of 12 public sector banks, only 2 banks i.e., Canara Bank and Bank of India have a high degree of Positive Correlation between CAR and Net NPAs over the preceding five financial years, the remaining 10 banks are having either high degree negative or moderate degree negative correlation between their respective CAR and Net NPAs. As far as the calculation of the Correlation Coefficient of all the 12 public sector banks put together is concerned it is having moderate degree of negative correlation for the preceding five financial years Originality/Value: The research undertaken is thought-provoking as the study period follows the NPA management towards which by and large everyone is curious. There is no such previous study that has looked at the perspective of the Correlation between CAR and Net NPAs point of view. Type of Paper: The research article is exploratory where a serious effort is made to explore about the existing relationship between CAR and Net NPAs of public sector banks in India.
Empowering Women: An Analysis of Needs and Preferences for Self-Discovery, Self-Esteem, and Positive Attitude Development Training
Purpose: This research investigates the essential role of education and skill development in empowering women, particularly in the coastal region of Mangalore, Karnataka, where traditional roles often intersect with modern aspirations. The study aims to identify and analyze the specific training needs and preferences of women in this region, laying the groundwork for effective, targeted training programs. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques to assess the training needs and preferences of women in the coastal area of Mangalore. Surveys, interviews, and focus groups to gather insights into women's perceptions of self-discovery, self-esteem, and positive attitude development. Findings/Results: In Mangalore's coastal region, where traditional roles and modern aspirations coexist, there is a significant demand for training programs that address women's specific needs. The findings highlight the necessity of tailored training programs that focus on self-discovery, self-esteem enhancement, and positive attitude development to support women's personal and professional growth. Originality/Value: The insights gained from this research will inform the development of targeted training programs designed to empower women, improve their economic opportunities, and enhance their overall quality of life. Paper Type: This paper presents the various approaches to empowering women through targeted training. It also includes a detailed training structure and a module that should be incorporated into training programs for women.
Purpose: A company analysis as a research case study involves a detailed examination of a specific organization's strategies, operations, and overall performance to understand its business model and decision-making processes. This approach is crucial in business management research and learning as it provides real-world insights into how companies navigate challenges, capitalize on opportunities, and implement strategies to achieve success. By analyzing a company's practices in areas like human resources, marketing, or financial management, researchers and students can identify best practices, learn from failures, and apply these lessons to similar business contexts, enhancing both theoretical understanding and practical application. In this paper, the HR strategies of Infosys IT company are studied to analyse the innovativeness of the company. Methodology: Exploratory research methodology is used where the required information are searched based on keywords using Company website, Google search engine, Google scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. The information are analysed using various analysis frameworks and Company analysis formats. Analysis/Findings: The company analysis of Infosys, with a special focus on its HR strategies, delves into how the global IT leader manages its human capital to drive organizational success. Infosys has developed comprehensive HR strategies centered on talent acquisition, retention, and development, which are essential in maintaining a competitive edge in the dynamic IT industry. Through initiatives like global recruitment, employee engagement programs, and continuous skill development via platforms such as Infosys Wingspan, the company ensures that its workforce remains highly skilled, motivated, and aligned with its long-term goals. These HR practices have been pivotal in enhancing employee satisfaction, reducing attrition, and fostering innovation. Originality/Value: In the company analysis of Infosys Ltd, various analytical frameworks are employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of its HR strategies. The SWOC internal analysis examines Infosys' strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges in HR management, providing insights into internal capabilities and areas for improvement. The ABCD stakeholders’ analysis focuses on the perspectives of key stakeholders—employees, management, clients, and shareholders—highlighting the advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages of HR policies. PESTL external analysis evaluates the political, economic, social, technological, and legal factors impacting Infosys' HR strategies. HR strategy analysis specifically explores recruitment, retention, and development practices. These frameworks collectively provide a holistic view of how Infosys' HR strategies contribute to its overall business success. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.