Poornaprajna International Journal of Management, Education & Social Science (PIJMESS)
Country of Publication: India Publisher: Poornaprajna Publication, Udupi, Karnataka, India Format: Open Access ISSN: 3107-4626 Year of Start: 2024 Available from: Crossref, Indian Citation Index, Zenodo, OpenAir Frequency: 2 Issues per year Language: English Scope: Multidisciplinary in Management, Education, and Social Science Article Processing Charge: 2000 £ (Pounds) but currently free publication for first 10 years (till year 2030) Types of Journal: Academic/ Scholarly Journals Open Access: Yes Indexed & Abstracted: Yes Policy: Double blinded Peer Review Publication Ethics: Editorial Ethics Policy Review Time: Six to Eight Weeks Approximately Contact & Submission Email: pijmess@poornaprajnapublication.com Poornaprajna International Journal of Management, Education & Social Science (PIJMESS)) is an online, not-for-profit, Poornaprajna Group, Udupi sponsored free publication, blind peer-reviewed, open-access, quarterly but continuous weekly uploading of accepted papers, plagiarism free, refereed research journal published by Poornaprajna Publication, Udupi, India. PIJMESS offers free publication opportunity to its authors, allows to keep Copyright of the scholarly paper with the authors. It provides a global author-centric publishing platform for Professors, Research scholars, academicians, professionals, and students engaged in Research. The main aim of PIJMESS is to become the world’s leading Author-Centred fast publication journal that is preferred and trusted by the research community through publishing authentic, peer-reviewed, and scientifically developed research articles of international calibre. PIJMESS publishes research papers in the field of Business Management, Education, and Social Sciences. The Journal publishes scholarly articles in English. PIJMEET accepts exceptional research contribution from the authors in the form of original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, and technical notes. All submissions are also checked for plagiarism. The length of the manuscript must be between five (5) to twenty (50) journal pages excluding references. The journal follows the |C|O|P|E| (Committee on Publication Ethics) guidance while accepting scholarly papers for publication. The Article Processing Charge (APC) subsidized for Faculty Members, Students and Research Scholars of Poornaprajna Group by its Research Fund.
Vision Beyond the Exchange: Strategic Leadership and Market Transformation under the CEO Sundararaman Ramamurthy at BSE
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the leadership performance and strategic influence of Sundararaman Ramamurthy, MD & CEO of BSE, and to understand how his leadership approach, strategic decisions, and financial-market expertise contribute to the growth and competitiveness of the Bombay Stock Exchange. The study also aims to examine how strategic leadership, technological advancement, market development, and organizational capabilities support the sustainable development of a leading securities exchange in India. Methodology: This research adopts a qualitative CEO analysis case study approach based on secondary data collected from academic literature, company publications, industry sources, and other credible secondary sources. To evaluate the leadership and strategic performance of Sundararaman Ramamurthy, several analytical frameworks are applied, including SWOC (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Challenges), Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), ABCD analysis (Advantages, Benefits, Constraints, and Disadvantages), PESTLE analysis, the Ten CEO Performance Areas (CEOPA), and the CEO Performance Matrix. These frameworks provide a structured approach to examine leadership capabilities, strategic decision-making, technological orientation, stakeholder value, and organizational performance. Results & Analysis: The findings indicate that Sundararaman Ramamurthy demonstrates strong strategic leadership, financial-market expertise, technological orientation, and organizational decision-making capabilities. The analysis suggests that his leadership can be positioned within the “Super Strategist” category of the CEO Performance Matrix, reflecting strong leadership skills combined with strategic and financial capability. The study further highlights the importance of technology-driven market infrastructure, investor confidence, product and market development, talent management, and continuous innovation in strengthening BSE’s competitive position. The SWOC, ABCD, PESTLE, and KPI analyses also identify regulatory changes, technological developments, competition, and changing investor expectations as important factors influencing BSE’s future growth. Originality & Value: This study contributes to CEO and leadership research by providing a structured evaluation of the leadership performance of a contemporary financial-market CEO through the integration of multiple analytical frameworks. The study offers insights into how strategic leadership, technological development, market innovation, stakeholder management, and financial-market expertise can contribute to organizational competitiveness. The findings may be useful for researchers, management students, financial institutions, and business professionals seeking to understand leadership practices in the securities-market sector. Type of Paper: Qualitative Exploratory Case Study.
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The Arthashastra and ESG Finance: Ancient Indian Insights for Responsible Wealth Creation
Purpose: To explore the conceptual synergies between Kautilya's Arthashastra and modern Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) finance, and to establish that ancient Indian fiscal wisdom offers a timeless ethical framework for responsible and sustainable wealth creation. Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative, conceptual, and exploratory research design. Using an interpretive and analytical approach, it draws on standard scholarly translations of the Arthashastra and on peer-reviewed scholarship on ESG, corporate governance, sustainability, and ethical finance. Thematic analysis is used to derive and compare themes from both bodies of knowledge, and the resulting linkages are organised into a conceptual framework. Analysis: The paper analyses the governance, administrative, welfare, and resource-management prescriptions of the Arthashastra and maps them systematically against the three pillars of ESG. It examines Kautilya's mechanisms of accountability and anti-corruption control, his welfare-oriented economics, and his prescriptions for the sustainable use of land, water, and forests, comparing each with modern ESG theory and evidence. Results: The study finds that the Arthashastra constitutes a coherent 'proto-ESG' framework that predates and conceptually anticipates modern sustainability standards. Unlike modern ESG models, which frequently treat the three pillars as separate, Kautilya's approach integrates governance, social welfare, and environmental stewardship into a single, interdependent model of responsible statecraft and wealth creation. Originality/Value: The paper offers a culturally grounded, value-based foundation for ESG finance, demonstrating that ESG principles are not purely contemporary innovations but are rooted in enduring ethical traditions. It argues that integrating Arthashastra-inspired ethics into financial policy and corporate strategy can strengthen ESG compliance, reinforce stakeholder trust, and enhance long-term resilience. Type of Paper: Conceptual / Exploratory Analysis.
Beyond the Bell: A Strategic Analysis of Bombay Stock Exchange in India's Digital Financial Revolution
Purpose: This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), one of India’s most prominent capital-market institutions, with a focus on its organizational structure, business model, financial performance, technological development, marketing approach, and competitive position. The study seeks to understand how BSE creates value for market participants, responds to changing financial-market dynamics, and strengthens its position in an increasingly technology-driven and competitive environment. Methodology: The study adopts an exploratory qualitative case study approach based entirely on secondary data. Information from relevant reports, published literature, institutional sources, and other credible secondary materials is examined to develop an integrated understanding of BSE. Analytical frameworks including SWOC analysis, ABCD analysis, financial analysis, competitor comparison, technological strategy analysis, marketing analysis, and human resource analysis are employed to evaluate the organization from multiple strategic and operational perspectives. Analysis & Suggestions: The analysis highlights BSE’s strong brand legacy, established market infrastructure, diversified financial-market services, and significant role in India’s capital-market ecosystem. The study also identifies key challenges, including intense competition, technological disruption, cybersecurity risks, regulatory changes, and the need to strengthen trading activity and investor participation. Based on these findings, strategic suggestions emphasize technological advancement, cybersecurity, market diversification, investor education, digital innovation, stronger liquidity, and expansion of new financial products to enhance BSE’s competitiveness and long-term growth. Originality / Value: The study offers an integrated perspective of BSE by connecting financial, strategic, technological, marketing, organizational, and competitive dimensions within a single company-level analysis. By combining established analytical frameworks with the practical realities of a major Indian stock exchange, the research provides a structured understanding of BSE’s strengths, limitations, opportunities, and future strategic direction. The study contributes both academic value for understanding capital-market institutions and practical insights into strengthening competitiveness in India’s evolving financial ecosystem. Type of Paper: Exploratory Case Study.
Evolving Regulatory and Supervisory Framework for Corporate Sustainability in Banking with the Mediating Role of TQM in the Age of AI
Purpose: The growing demand for sustainable banking practices has heralded a shift in regulatory and supervisory paradigms. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is raising new possibilities and challenges for financial institutions when it comes to balancing sustainability objectives at a corporate level with regulatory compliance and operational effectiveness. TQM is a completive organizer for coping with this transition. This study aims to explore the evolution in legislative and supervisory frameworks for corporate sustainability management in the banking industry. It also explores the mediating role of TQM in integrating sustainability with AI-based transformation, underlining an all-encompassing structure for future banking governance. Methodology: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted using Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect databases by focusing on papers from 2010 to 2025. The literature review focused on the peer-reviewed, scholarly writings on regulatory innovation, corporate sustainability, AI implementation, and TQM in banking. A diagrammatic model was developed in order to represent interactions according to the synthesis of themes. Results: Evidence points to a coalescence of sustainability and regulatory pressures, accelerated by AI implementation. TQM practices are found to significantly help transfer of technological innovation into sustainability compliance. Outcome/Value: The proposed framework provides a comprehensive perspective to support policy makers, regulators, and banking institutions in shaping robust, sustainable, and AI-enabling governance models in the AI era. Type of Paper: Conceptual Research.
Comprehensive Industry Analysis of the Capital Market Industry: Trends, Opportunities and Challenges
Purpose: This study aims to comprehensively analyze the capital market industry by examining its growth trends, market dynamics, technological advancements, and future outlook. It focuses on understanding the impact of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, blockchain, big data analytics, algorithmic trading, and financial technology (FinTech), while evaluating the role of regulatory reforms, government initiatives, investment patterns, stakeholder perspectives, and market infrastructure. The study also identifies the opportunities and challenges influencing the growth, sustainability, efficiency, and global competitiveness of the capital market industry, with particular emphasis on the Indian capital market ecosystem. Methodology: The study adopts an applied and analytical research approach based entirely on secondary data. An extensive review of academic literature, industry reports, government publications, stock exchange reports, regulatory documents, and published research articles was undertaken to examine the capital market industry. Multiple strategic analytical frameworks, including SWOC (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Challenges), ABCD (Advantages, Benefits, Constraints, Disadvantages), and PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, Legal) analyses, were employed to evaluate both internal and external factors influencing the industry. Stakeholder perspectives, including stock exchanges, regulatory authorities, financial institutions, investors, listed companies, brokerage firms, fintech companies, and policymakers, were integrated to assess the implications of technological adoption, particularly Artificial Intelligence, across capital market operations. Results & Analysis: The findings reveal that technological innovations such as Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, blockchain, big data analytics, cloud computing, algorithmic trading, and digital investment platforms are transforming the capital market industry by enhancing trading efficiency, improving investment decision-making, strengthening risk management, increasing market transparency, optimizing regulatory compliance, and facilitating financial innovation. The SWOC and ABCD analyses indicate that the industry possesses significant strengths in technological advancement, market liquidity, financial inclusion, and investment opportunities while facing challenges related to market volatility, cybersecurity threats, regulatory complexities, data privacy concerns, operational risks, and investor protection. The PESTLE analysis further highlights that supportive government policies, digital transformation initiatives, economic growth, increasing investor participation, sustainability considerations, and continuous technological developments are key drivers shaping the future growth, resilience, and global competitiveness of the capital market industry. Originality/ Value: This study provides a comprehensive and integrated assessment of the capital market industry by combining industry trend analysis with multiple strategic evaluation frameworks and stakeholder perspectives. Unlike conventional industry reviews, it establishes a multidimensional understanding by linking technological advancements, Artificial Intelligence adoption, regulatory developments, market dynamics, sustainability considerations, investment trends, and financial innovation within a single analytical framework. The research offers a holistic perspective on both current developments and the future direction of the capital market industry. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research Paper
Strategic Analysis of ASML Holding N.V.: An Exploratory Case Study of Semiconductor Lithography Innovation, Technological Monopoly, and Business Evolution
Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly paper is to conduct an in-depth exploratory case study of ASML Holding N.V., analysing its strategic evolution, technological innovation, and industrial-ecosystem leadership within the dynamic global semiconductor industry. By applying comprehensive business frameworks such as SWOC, ABCD, and PESTLE, the study aims to evaluate ASML's internal capabilities, external challenges, and geopolitical exposure. The research further seeks to generate actionable insights that inform stakeholder engagement, competitive positioning, and resilient technology strategy in contemporary high-technology manufacturing. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in the Google search engine, the Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven search/GPT tools. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Analysis & Suggestions: The analysis of ASML Holding N.V. highlights its strategic strengths in EUV lithography monopoly, deep supplier-ecosystem integration, and robust financial performance, yet it also faces challenges such as extreme customer concentration, geopolitical export-control exposure, and acute technical-talent shortages in the Brainport region. To sustain long-term impact, ASML must prioritise geographic and customer diversification, proactive engagement with export-control regimes, and continued investment in regional workforce pipelines. These measures would ensure greater supply-chain resilience, stakeholder trust, and continued technological leadership in the evolving semiconductor landscape. Originality/Value: This paper offers a holistic and multi-dimensional analysis of ASML Holding N.V. by integrating strategic, financial, technological, and geopolitical perspectives. It contributes original insights into how a single-point-of-failure technology firm can balance cutting-edge research with supply-chain resilience and responsible stakeholder management. The study's framework provides a valuable reference for future research and strategic planning in the field of high-technology manufacturing and industrial policy. Type of Paper: Case study based on Exploratory Research.
The Use of Statistical Sampling in Auditing Business Contracts for Legal and Regulatory Compliance
Purpose: This study examines the influence of Statistical Sampling Practices on Legal and Regulatory Compliance in multinational corporations and evaluates whether Audit Environment Quality moderates this relationship. The study investigates how sampling design, sample selection procedures, sample testing quality, and sampling analysis and evaluation contribute to stronger contractual governance and regulatory compliance. Methodology: The study employs a balanced longitudinal panel dataset comprising 779 firm-year observations from 41 Fortune Global 500 corporations covering the period 2007 to 2025. Secondary data were compiled from audited corporate reports, governance disclosures, Public Company Accounting Oversight Board inspection reports, and internationally recognized institutional databases. The empirical analysis applies composite index construction, panel unit root tests, diagnostic and specification tests, construct validation, fixed effects panel regression, moderated regression analysis, and robustness assessments to establish reliable causal relationships. Results/Analysis: The findings demonstrate that Statistical Sampling Practices exert a significant positive effect on Legal and Regulatory Compliance, with an aggregate regression coefficient of 0.982, indicating that stronger sampling capability substantially improves compliance performance. The relationship operates through enhanced evidence representativeness, improved error detection, stronger documentation quality, and more reliable statistical inference. Robustness diagnostics confirm measurement validity and model stability. Although Audit Environment Quality positively conditions the relationship, its moderating effect remains theoretically meaningful but statistically weak within the available empirical evidence. Originality/Value: The study advances Agency Theory, Contingency Theory, and Institutional Theory by conceptualizing Statistical Sampling Practices as an integrated evidence-generation capability that strengthens governance quality and regulatory assurance. It provides internationally relevant evidence that rigorous statistical sampling enhances compliance effectiveness and offers practical guidance for regulators, audit committees, compliance officers, and multinational corporations seeking to strengthen legal compliance through evidence-based audit systems. Type of paper: Empirical Research paper.
Examination Management in Higher Education in Nepal: A Review of Practices and Challenges
Background: Examination management remains central to academic quality and accountability in higher education, yet Nepal's system continues to struggle with delays, malpractice, political interference, and memory-based assessment despite the shift to semester and GPA-based grading. Objective: This study critically reviews examination management practices in Nepalese higher education, identifies core challenges, and proposes reform strategies for a more transparent, efficient, and student-centered system. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive review design was used, drawing on secondary sources-peer-reviewed articles, policy reports, and institutional documents (2017–2026)-selected purposively and analyzed thematically. Findings/Analysis: Findings reveal a persistently examination-centered system shaped by delays, political interference, weak infrastructure, and malpractice, causing student stress while worsening inequality in provinces like Madhesh. Digital transformation and competency-based reform offer promising pathways toward a more effective, learning-centered examination system. Conclusion: Nepal's examination system requires a fundamental shift from credential-focused, memory-based testing toward learning-centered, competency-driven assessment supported by digital infrastructure and institutional autonomy. Implication: Findings offer actionable guidance for policymakers and university administrators seeking to modernize examination governance and reduce inequality. Novelty: This study uniquely integrates administrative, psychological, socio-economic, and technological dimensions into a single reform-oriented framework for Nepalese examination management. Type of Paper: Qualitative Descriptive Thematic Research.
How MBA Graduates with AI-based Strategic and Research Skills are only Relevant to the Future Business World
Purpose: This exploratory research case study aims to examine how AI-based strategic and research skills can enhance the future relevance of MBA graduates in an increasingly AI-driven business environment. The study investigates the role of these competencies in improving employability, executive readiness, research productivity, innovation capability, and entrepreneurial success. It also proposes a comprehensive framework for transforming traditional MBA education into a future-oriented, AI-enabled management learning model. Methodology: This exploratory research case study utilizes data gathered from various credible sources, including academic databases, Google Scholar, institutional websites, and AI-enabled GPT platforms. The collected information is systematically examined and interpreted using appropriate analytical frameworks aligned with the objectives of the study. This approach facilitates a comprehensive evaluation of the research problem and supports the development of meaningful insights and conclusions. Results/Analysis: The analysis indicates that MBA graduates equipped with AI-based strategic and research skills are likely to achieve higher employability, stronger executive readiness, greater research productivity, and enhanced entrepreneurial capabilities. The study reveals that competencies such as AI-assisted decision-making, predictive analytics, strategic intelligence, innovation management, and AI-enabled research significantly improve future career relevance in an AI-driven business environment. The findings further suggest that transforming MBA curricula through AI-integrated learning, research-oriented education, and industry-linked innovation can create future-ready management professionals. Originality/Value: This research offers a novel perspective by integrating AI-based strategic skills and AI-based research skills into a unified MBA competency framework for future employability, executive readiness, and entrepreneurship. The study contributes original value by proposing AI-enabled curriculum transformation, publication-oriented learning, and the Reverse Placement Model as innovative approaches for developing future-ready MBA graduates in an AI-driven business world. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research Analysis.
Ancient Wisdom, Modern Minds: Indian and Western Perspectives on Knowledge
Purpose: The question of how human beings come to know — what counts as knowledge, how beliefs are validated, which cognitive processes are trustworthy, and what the ultimate purpose of knowing is — lies at the heart of philosophy across every civilisation. Western epistemology and the epistemological traditions of India represent two of the most richly developed responses to these questions in the history of human thought. This research paper undertakes a rigorous, multi-dimensional comparative examination of these two great philosophical streams, tracing their foundational commitments, their methodologies of knowledge validation, their divergent attitudes toward perception, testimony, authority, and direct experience, and the different visions of human flourishing that animate their respective epistemic programmes. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Analysis/Results: The Western tradition, anchored in the foundational inquiries of Plato, Descartes, Locke, Hume, and Kant, has developed epistemology principally around the twin axes of empirical observation and rational deduction. Its crowning institutional achievement — the scientific method — has produced extraordinary advances in understanding the natural world. Yet it has also generated profound questions about the limits of sense experience, the possibility of certainty, the status of consciousness, and the relationship between scientific knowledge and the full range of human experience. The Indian tradition, represented by the six orthodox philosophical schools (ṣaḍ-darśana), the heterodox systems of Buddhism and Jainism, and the contemplative wisdom traditions encoded in the Upanishads and Yoga texts, has approached knowledge through the sophisticated framework of pramāṇa theory — a systematic account of knowledge-generating processes that encompasses not only perception and inference but testimony, comparison, presumption, and direct spiritual experience within a single unified philosophical architecture. Originality/Values: Drawing upon primary philosophical texts and leading contemporary scholarship, this paper argues that the two traditions are not simply alternatives but complementary architectures of knowing, each with distinctive strengths and characteristic limitations. Western epistemology excels at generating verifiable, communicable, and reproducible knowledge of the external world; Indian epistemology provides a richer account of the sources of knowing, integrates the knowing subject into the fabric of knowledge itself, and preserves space for dimensions of experience — contemplative, testimonial, and transrational — that the Western tradition has tended to marginalise. The paper concludes by charting the contours of a possible synthesis, drawing upon the best resources of both traditions, that is adequate to the complexity of human knowing and to the demands of contemporary intellectual life. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research.
E-Customer Support System in Nepalese Goods Trading: Emerging Issues, Adoption Barriers, and the DIGEST Concept
Purpose: The rapid proliferation of digital commerce has compelled businesses globally to adopt electronic customer support (e-support) systems. The goods trading industry in Nepal is still largely using traditional face-to-face modes, which leads to inefficiencies in the system and dissatisfaction among customers. This study investigates the perception of e-customer support systems of the goods traders of Bagmati Province, Nepal, to identify the key barriers to the adoption of e-support system and proposes the DIGEST concept that is a contextually grounded strategic roadmap towards overcoming the identified barriers. Methodology: The researcher employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design. Quantitative data were collected from 94 respondents, including employees, businesspersons, experts, and other stakeholders, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was reached with 14 employees and business participants, as well as 11 domain experts with more than five years of experience in the field. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify and derive key themes. Results & Analysis: The quantitative results indicate moderate positive perceptions of e-support systems, with the highest mean being for the improvement of international client service (M = 4.21, SD = 0.72), and the lowest being for international client satisfaction (M = 3.52, SD = 0.97). Ten major barriers were identified, consisting of: lack of a centralised addressing system, cyber security vulnerabilities, data privacy risks, lack of digital literacy, resistance to change, incomplete legal framework, weak enforcement of consumer protection, lack of a standardised e-support framework, high implementation costs, and fragmented logistics. Originality / Value: This study introduces the DIGEST (Digital Inclusive Goods E-Support) model, a six-pillar strategic framework comprising Digital Access, Inclusive Platform Design, Geo-logistics Integration, Enforcement Automation, Security-by-Design, and Trust-Building Mechanisms. The model emphasizes coordinated implementation between government and private sector actors. Type of Paper: Empirical Research Paper
Assessing Nepali Bank Employees’ Views on Work–Life Harmony
Purpose: Work–life harmony (WLH) is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing employee well-being, motivation, and productivity. While extensive research exists internationally, limited studies explore employees’ perceptions of WLH in professional organizational settings. This study aims to assess bank employees’ perceptions of work–life harmony and identify areas for improvement. Methodology: A descriptive research design was adopted, with 56 respondents from five banks in Kathmandu Valley sampled using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a structured five-point Likert scale questionnaire covering demographic and WLH variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20, employing mean, standard deviation, percentage, and bootstrap analysis with 1,000 samples. Results & Analysis: Findings indicate a moderately positive perception of work–life harmony (Mean = 3.45, SD = 0.77). Employees reported alignment between work and personal values, emotional comfort, and mutual support of work and life goals. Variability in responses suggests differences in experiences, highlighting potential areas for organizational improvement. Originality / Value: This study provides empirical insights into WLH perceptions among bank employees in a professional organizational context, offering a foundation for future research and practical interventions to strengthen employee well-being. Type of Paper: Empirical Research Paper.
Reducing Intermediaries in Agricultural Supply Chains Using Blockchain: Enhancing Farmer Income, Transparency, and Market Access
Purpose: This paper discusses how blockchain-enabled supply chain systems can help mitigate the excessive number of intermediaries in agricultural markets and increase value capture to smallholder farmers in developing economies, specifically India. Methodology: The study uses an empirical method which is mixed in nature based on the primary data that was gathered on 420 farmers in three agro-climatic regions of Karnataka, and 68 agro-market intermediaries were surveyed. Also, five blockchain pilot projects that were implemented in the period between 2021 and 2025 were comparatively analyzed. The research combines field information with supply chain mapping and conceptual modelling using the suggested Decentralised Agricultural Value Realisation (DAVR) model. Findings: According to the findings, the use of blockchain correlates with an average growth in farmer income by 38.4 percent and substantial time savings in the transaction time. The system increases transparency in price discovery, quality grading and payment settlement, thus lessening the reliance on intermediaries. Smart contracts are efficient replacements of crucial intermediary roles, which reduces inefficiencies and enhances trust throughout the supply chain. Originality/Value: The paper introduces a new conceptual model, which is the DAVR, that highlights key intervention points whereby blockchain can replace intermediary functions. It gives empirical data on the pilot applications in the real world, and mentions the major obstacles to adoption, including evidence of digital illiteracy, lacking cold-chain infrastructure, and regulatory challenges. The results provide practical implications to policymakers, agri-fintech innovations, and cooperative institutions seeking to establish transparent and fair agricultural markets.
Achieving Business Excellence through Ethical Business Model: A Success Story of Tata Group, India
Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly article is to investigate the critical role of ethical business practices in fostering business excellence, using the Tata Group as a case study. By examining Tata Group's commitment to ethical principles, the paper aims to demonstrate how ethical frameworks can be integral to organizational success, stakeholder trust, and long-term sustainability. The research highlights the interplay between ethical business models and competitive advantage, offering insights that are relevant to academia, industry professionals, policymakers, and businesses aspiring to ethical leadership. Methodology: An exploratory research method is used. The required information is collected using keyword-based search using Google, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPTs and information is analysed using research-based analysis frameworks to interpret the results. Result/Analysis: The ethical business practices of Tata Group of Companies are analysed using SWOC analysis framework. ABCD listing analysis from an external observation point of view is applied to the Tata Group—a diversified conglomerate with interests in sectors such as steel, automotive, information technology, and consumer goods—this analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of its offerings. By systematically assessing these four dimensions, the Tata Group can identify its competitive strengths, recognize areas for improvement, and develop strategies to enhance its market position and customer satisfaction. Originality/Values: The paper, includes an analysis of the significance of ethical business practices, a brief overview of Tata Group's success story, and key findings from the analysis. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research.
Role and Efforts of NGOs for Women Empowerment in India: A Review-Based Analysis
Purpose: NGOs play a crucial role in empowering women, particularly in developing countries like India, where women face significant socio-economic and cultural challenges. This review aims to synthesize and evaluate the literature on how NGOs contribute to women's empowerment in India, focusing on their diverse interventions and the impact they have on various aspects of women's lives. Methodology: This literature review employs a thematic approach, systematically analyzing research studies related to NGOs and women's empowerment. A comprehensive search was conducted in electronic databases including Google Scholar, JSTOR, and ResearchGate, using keywords such as "NGOs," "women's empowerment," "India," "microfinance," "self-help groups," and "social programs." The review includes findings from multiple studies to provide a holistic understanding of the role and effectiveness of NGOs in this context. Findings: The findings reveal that NGOs significantly impact women's empowerment by addressing economic, social, and educational barriers. NGOs contribute to economic empowerment through microfinance and self-help groups, facilitate social empowerment by challenging gender norms and providing community support, and enhance educational opportunities. Despite these achievements, challenges such as sustainability, government support, and the need for broader political empowerment remain. The review underscores the necessity for continued research and improved strategies to maximize the benefits of NGO interventions. Originality/Value: The originality and value of this analysis lie in its comprehensive examination of the roles of NGOs and self-help groups (SHGs) in women's empowerment. Type of Paper: Review-based Analysis.
Leveraging the Alternative Strategy of the “Reverse Placement Model” for Experiential Learning in MBA Curriculum Design for Securing Executive Roles through Corporate Invitations
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to explore and propose an innovative approach to MBA curriculum design by integrating a reverse placement model, where corporate invitations for executive roles are secured through enhanced experiential learning strategies. By analyzing and identifying alternative strategies that can be embedded into the MBA curriculum, this research aims to provide insights into how these approaches can bridge the gap between academic learning and corporate leadership opportunities, thereby offering MBA graduates a competitive edge in securing executive positions. Methodology: Exploratory research method is used to collect, analyse, and suggest a new model of reverse placement to secure executive roles through corporate invitation. The information is collected from websites, Google search, Google Scholar search, and AI-driven GPTs using appropriate keywords and analysed using research skills such as analysis, comparison, evaluation, and interpretation to create new knowledge. Results/Analysis: An alternative strategy that can be incorporated into MBA curriculum design to enhance experiential learning and how this alternative strategy of increasing innovativeness of MBA graduates can lead to reverse placements, i.e., corporate invitations for executive roles. Additionally, the study assessed the effectiveness of the proposed model through stakeholder analysis using the ABCD framework. The concept of reverse placement, driven by alternative strategies like industry analysis, company analysis, CEO analysis, and business plan development, provides MBA graduates with a competitive advantage. By integrating these strategies into the MBA curriculum, students create a compelling personal brand and expertise portfolio that attracts corporations seeking forward-thinking talent. This leads to corporate invitations, offering graduates unique and high-value job placements without the need for traditional job applications. Originality/Value: The paper proposes a new concept called “reverse placement” for the first time in Business management education and suggests how to achieve reverse placement by modifying the curriculum to get corporate invitations. Type of paper: Exploratory Research.
Predictive Analysis of the Impact of India's National Education Policy 2020 on Higher Secondary Education: Focus on Independent PU Colleges
Purpose: To predict the impact of NEP 2020 on higher secondary education in Independent PU Colleges and to suggest strategies to meet the new challenges and opportunities presented by the policy. Methodology: Explorative research method is used to collect the information, predictive analysis used to suggest the effective strategies required to improve the implementation of NEP 2020 in independent PU Colleges. Analysis/Result: The current status before implementation of NEP 2020 and the future status after implementation of NEP 2020 on higher secondary education in Independent PU Colleges are analysed using frameworks like SWOC and ABCD stakeholders’ analysis. Originality/Value: The improvements in the system are predicted and implementation strategies are proposed in the form of postulates. Type of the Paper: Exploratory research analysis.
Enhancing Engagement through Management Role-plays in MBA Education
Purpose: This paper explores the efficacy of utilizing management role-plays as an innovative pedagogical tool to engage MBA students in understanding complex concepts such as group dynamics and leadership theories. Methodology: A case study method is employed to assess the impact of management role-plays. Data collection involves a structured role-play approach integrated with AI-generated scripts using ChatGPT, which were refined by student input. The study focuses on the first-year MBA cohort, particularly those disengaged with traditional theoretical lessons and hesitant due to language barriers. Analysis/Discussion: The research investigates key outcomes such as increased student participation, improved retention of leadership and group dynamics concepts, and enhanced student confidence. The role of AI in script generation and its refinement by students is also analyzed. By examining student experiences, the study provides insights into how role-plays can transform learning in business education. Originality/Value: This study addresses the growing need for innovative teaching methods in business education, offering practical insights into how AI-assisted role-plays can bridge gaps in student engagement, especially for those facing language barriers. It presents emerging trends in experiential learning, contributing to the development of more interactive and inclusive MBA curricula. Type of Paper: Case Study.
Stress Levels Among Employees: A Study of Selected Banks in Kerala
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine and compare the stress levels experienced by employees in public versus private sector banks in Kerala. It aims to identify the key factors contributing to stress in both sectors and evaluate the impact of these factors on employees' stress levels. Methodology: The study employs a comparative research design and samples employees from five selected banks, utilizing structured questionnaires for data collection. The analysis incorporates both descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including Chi-square tests, T-tests, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), to assess stress levels and identify significant stressors. Results/Analysis: The findings indicate that employees in both public and private sector banks experience moderate stress, with an average stress level of 48.33%. Major stressors identified include workload, bureaucratic processes, and competitive targets. The analysis reveals that current stress levels exceed expectations, highlighting the need for effective stress management strategies. Originality/Value: This research offers valuable insights by providing a comparative perspective on stress levels in different banking sectors and exploring the impact of organizational culture and support systems. The study contributes to the development of tailored stress management interventions for the banking sector. Type of Paper: Empirical Research Paper.
Talent Retention Practices Adopted by the Automobile Companies with Special Reference to Chennai
Purpose: This study aims to understand Talent retention Practices adopted in Automobile companies with special reference to Chennai. Methodology: The study is descriptive research by nature. It enables the researcher to summarize and organize data in an effective and meaningful way. Findings: The five dimensions of talent retention namely “Pressure at work, following the procedure, retaining culture, training, and job satisfaction were assessed in the automobile sector. The results show that employees are facing pressure at work, given adequate authority, skill enhancement possibilities, and a high level of Job security. Originality/Value: This article assesses the talent retention practices adopted in the automobile sector. This study explores the employee retention dimensions and recorded the responses of four hundred employees. Paper type: Descriptive research
Role of Leadership and Peer Support in Effective Stress Management in Banks
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of leadership and peer support on stress management among bank employees in Kerala, focusing on how these factors influence stress levels and overall job satisfaction in a high-pressure environment. Methodology: The research employs Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze data collected from a sample of 464 employees across various banks in Kerala. A structured questionnaire was utilized to assess perceptions of leadership style, peer support, and stress management. The data was evaluated using statistical techniques, including Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and regression analysis. Results/Analysis: The findings reveal that both leadership style and peer support significantly contribute to effective stress management. Leadership that provides clear direction and emotional support, along with robust peer networks, results in lower stress levels and higher job satisfaction. This study confirms that leadership and peer support have a substantial impact on stress management outcomes, enhancing overall performance and employee well-being. Originality/Value: The paper offers actionable insights for banks to develop strategies that leverage both leadership and peer support to create a supportive work environment. This study adds value by providing empirical evidence on the combined effects of leadership and peer support on stress management in the banking sector, particularly in the context of Kerala. Type of Paper: Empirical Research
The Role and Impact of Human Resource Management in the Banking Sector: Challenges and Opportunities
Purpose: Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a pivotal role in the banking sector, significantly influencing its efficiency, productivity, and overall organizational health. This paper examines the multifaceted role and impact of HRM in banking, highlighting the sector's unique challenges and opportunities. The study explores key HRM functions such as recruitment, training, performance management, and employee engagement, demonstrating their direct correlation with enhanced customer service, innovation, and financial performance. Additionally, the paper addresses contemporary challenges faced by HR professionals in the banking industry, including technological advancements, regulatory compliance, and evolving workforce expectations. The integration of technology, particularly artificial intelligence and data analytics, presents both opportunities and obstacles, necessitating a strategic approach to HRM. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of fostering a positive organizational culture and promoting diversity and inclusion to drive sustainable growth. By analyzing case studies and current trends, this paper provides valuable insights for HR practitioners and banking executives to navigate the complexities of modern HRM, ultimately contributing to the sector's resilience and long-term success. This paper aims to explore the multifaceted role of HRM in the banking sector, analyze the challenges it faces, and identify the opportunities for driving sustainable organizational success in an ever-evolving landscape. Design: This research utilized a conceptual approach by employing a descriptive research design. Secondary data was collected and analyzed to identify the factors impacting the banking sector. The findings aim to assist banking professionals in adapting to their work environment and effectively managing various situations. Findings: The findings from studies on the study finds that effective Human Resource Management (HRM) in the banking sector significantly enhances operational efficiency, customer satisfaction, and financial performance. Key HRM practices such as strategic recruitment, continuous training, and performance management are essential in navigating technological advancements and regulatory demands. Challenges include adapting to digital transformations and maintaining regulatory compliance, while opportunities lie in leveraging AI and data analytics to optimize HR functions. Additionally, fostering a diverse and inclusive workforce enhances innovation and problem-solving capabilities. Overall, strategic HRM is pivotal for sustainable growth and competitive advantage in the banking industry. Originality/value: This study includes a detailed analysis The Role and Impact of Human Resource Management in the Banking Sector: Challenges and Opportunities. Paper type: Conceptual Research
Leisure Activities Profile of Indian Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder- A Qualitative Analysis
Purpose: This study explores the leisure preferences of mothers with children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), focusing specifically on their inclination toward entertainment activities, resting, and relaxation. Design/Methodology/Approach: A cross-sectional design using an interpretive framework and an inductive approach, the researchers aimed to explore leisure time activities among a sample of 140 mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in India. Finding/Result: Findings reveal that the preference for entertainment activities, rest, and relaxation among these mothers serves multiple functions, including stress relief, emotional coping, and maintaining personal well-being. The 3 categories of Leisure activities (LA) are Entertainment activities, Rest, and relaxation. Leisure activities offer a break from the demands and challenges of caregiving, allowing mothers to recharge mentally, emotionally, and physically to maintain resilience and cope with the ongoing stressors. Originality/Value: The study underscores the importance of understanding how leisure activities are chosen and valued by mothers of children with ASD, consistently prioritizing those that offer relaxation and entertainment, reflecting their coping mechanisms and efforts to maintain personal well-being amidst caregiving responsibilities. Paper Type: Case study-based analysis
A Study on the Status of Training in the Indian IT Industry with the Impact of Artificial Intelligence
Purpose: The study on the status of training in the Indian IT industry with the impact of artificial intelligence adopts a mixed-methods research design. Firstly, a quantitative approach involves collecting data through surveys administered to IT professionals, training providers, and industry stakeholders. The survey will capture information regarding the current training programs, the incorporation of AI-related skills, and the perceived effectiveness of existing training initiatives. Additionally, qualitative methods such as interviews and focus group discussions will be employed to gain deeper insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with AI training in the Indian IT sector. Interviews with key industry players and training experts will provide nuanced perspectives on the effectiveness of AI training programs, while focus group discussions with IT professionals will facilitate discussions on their experiences and needs regarding AI skills development. The integration of quantitative and qualitative data will offer a comprehensive understanding of the status of AI training in the Indian IT industry, enabling the identification of key areas for improvement and the formulation of recommendations to enhance training initiatives and address emerging challenges Design: The research adopted a conceptual approach, utilizing a descriptive research design to explore the status of training in the Indian IT industry and its impact on artificial intelligence. Secondary data was collected and analyzed to uncover the factors influencing the industry. The study aims to equip professionals with the necessary skills to navigate the evolving work environment and effectively tackle diverse challenges. Notably, it reveals that individuals with high IQ levels during their schooling often struggle to excel in their careers due to a deficiency in emotional intelligence (EQ). This insight underscores the importance of integrating EQ training alongside technical skills development in the Indian IT industry to foster well-rounded professionals capable of thriving in AI-driven workplaces. Findings: Findings from studies on the status of training in the Indian IT industry with the impact of artificial intelligence reveal a blend of challenges and opportunities. Despite the increasing emphasis on AI training, hurdles to its widespread adoption persist. These challenges encompass a scarcity of proficient AI trainers, restricted access to AI infrastructure, and the swift pace of technological advancements. However, amidst these challenges, the studies illuminate several avenues for enhancing AI training initiatives. These include fostering collaborative industry-academia partnerships, leveraging government initiatives to promote AI education, and developing specialized certification programs in AI. Looking forward, AI is projected to continue reshaping the training landscape in the Indian IT sector. Organizations prioritizing AI training stand to gain a competitive edge, fostering innovation, heightening productivity, and attracting top talent. Furthermore, ongoing upskilling and reskilling endeavours are deemed vital for adapting to the evolving AI-driven workplace dynamics and ensuring enduring growth and relevance in the global IT market. Originality/value: This study includes a detailed study of the status of training in the Indian IT industry with the impact of artificial intelligence. Paper type: Conceptual Research
Impact of Procurement Practice Adopted on Budgetary Utilization
Purpose: To analyze the impact of Procurement practice adopted on budgetary utilization with a case of Mandandeupur Municipality, newly formed municipality in Kavrepalanchowk district under Bagmati province of Nepal. Design/Methodology/Approach: A structured set of questionnaires were developed in order to analyze the impact of Procurement practice adopted on budgetary utilization with a case of Mandandeupur Municipality, newly formed municipality in Kavrepalanchowk district under Bagmati province of Nepal through regression and chi-square. Findings/Result: The relation between the number of bidders and budget utilization was found to be not correlated, below the engineer’s estimate. And budget utilization was found to be strongly correlated; engineer’s estimate and budget utilization were found to be significantly correlated; and the combined relation of the number of bidders below engineer’s estimate, engineer’s estimate and budget utilization was found to be significant, whereas below engineer’s estimate was most significant. The contract administration part of the contract seemed to be weak in the parts of safety and plan and strong in the case of document management. The contract administration of large budget contracts seems to follow the process, whereas projects with a small budget seem to skip the process of contract administration. Originality/Value: The pragmatic recommendations can help improve the budget utilization trend analysis and contract administration practices at the local level, leading to more effective and efficient implementation of development projects. Paper Type: Empirical Research
NPA Analysis of Public Sector Banks using Inferential Statistical Tools and Ranking Analysis for the Preceding Five Financial Years
Purpose: The level of non-performing assets (NPAs) best indicates the soundness of the banking sector of a country. The purpose of this study is an effort to look into the consistency of all Indian public sector banks across five preceding financial years and among the banks using inferential statistical tools and ranking analysis cutting across 5 preceding financial years and cutting across all the public sector banks and thereby draw inferences about the Gross NPAs of all the Indian public sector banks. Methodology: All the 12 public sector banks at present have been considered for the purpose of the study. The analysis is based on secondary data collected from the Reserve Bank of India website, money control and other concerned websites. The mean scores and Co-efficient of Variation have been used as primary inferential statistical tools and standard deviation as an ancillary tool. Further, refinement of the result is done by comparing the growth of gross NPAs cutting across the years under consideration also cutting across the all the banks under consideration. Design/Analysis: The research is exploratory research and has employed secondary data for the purpose of analysis. The Population Size N=12(Total Number of Public Sector Banks at present) and sample size n=12 it implies that 100% of population is selected as samples. The methodology is that, Gross NPA ratio data from the Master Table is taken and analysis is done for all the banks year wise using mean score and standard deviation and subsequently calculating coefficient of variation. further ranking table is prepared for gross NPA ratio. subsequently the analysis is done using the between the banks in the same manner is done year wise and ranking is done. Results: The research result highlighted that from 2020 to 2024 in a span of 5 financial years, pertaining to all the banks under consideration, the mean scores of Gross NPAs are coming down. therefore, it can be inferred that the NPA levels are decreasing in all the banks over a period of last 5 financial years, which is a good sign. The research reveals that from 2020 to 2024, in a span of 5 financial years, pertaining to all the banks under consideration, the Standard Deviation of Gross NPAs are coming down, therefore, it can be inferred that the Risk factor of NPAs are decreasing in all the banks over a period of last 5 financial years, which is a good sign. As far as individual banks are concerned banks like State Bank of India, Bank of Maharashtra and Punjab National Bank are the top performers in the effective management of Gross NPAs. Originality/Value: The research is interesting as the study period follows the NPA management towards which by and large everyone are curious. There is no such previous study that has looked at the perspective inferential statistical tools and ranking analysis point of view. The research is valuable from two angles. Firstly, it brings to light the consistency of NPA management of the public sector banks cutting across 5 preceding financial years. Secondly, the analysis is done cutting across the different public sector banks also based on the secondary data which has not been used in any research so far. Type of Paper: The research article is exploratory where in a serious effort is made to explore about the Gross NPA management of public sector banks in India.
Comparative Analysis of Volatility and Sensitivity in FMCG and IT Stocks: An Empirical Study
Purpose: This research paper investigates the volatility of sectoral indices within the Indian stock market, focusing on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Volatility, a crucial aspect of financial markets, reflects the degree of fluctuation in asset prices over time, influencing investment decisions and risk management strategies. By analyzing the volatility of sectoral indices, this study aims to uncover the underlying patterns and dynamics of different sectors within the Indian economy and their impact on overall market stability. Employing a combination of statistical techniques and empirical data from historical stock market data, the research examines the magnitude and characteristics of volatility across various sectors. Through a comprehensive analysis of sectoral volatility, the paper provides insights into the factors driving fluctuations in sectoral indices, such as economic indicators, regulatory changes, and global market trends, offering valuable implications for investors, policymakers, and market regulators seeking to navigate the complexities of the Indian stock market. Methodology: Ten BSE listed FMCG, IT companies are considered for the present research work and analysed by using statistical tools. Findings/Result: The findings of the research hold significance for investors seeking to manage risk and optimize portfolio allocation, as well as policymakers aiming to formulate effective market regulations and interventions to promote market stability. By identifying the factors influencing sectoral volatility and recommending risk management strategies, the paper offers actionable insights for market participants to navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by the Indian stock market. Additionally, the study sets a foundation for future research endeavours aimed at further exploring the complexities of sectoral volatility and its implications for the broader financial landscape. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing literature by filling a gap in the understanding of sectoral volatility within the Indian context, shedding light on the unique dynamics of different sectors and their implications for overall market performance. Paper Type: Empirical study
FII and DII Inflows and Outflows: Their Influence on BSE Market Performance
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) and Domestic Institutional Investors (DII) on the performance of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). By examining the patterns of inflows and outflows from these investors, the study aims to understand their influence on market trends, volatility, and overall performance. This analysis will provide insights for investors, policymakers, and financial analysts, helping them make informed decisions and develop strategies that consider the behaviours and effects of these significant market participants. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs a quantitative research methodology to analyze the impact of Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) and Domestic Institutional Investors (DII) on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) market performance. The research utilizes secondary data collected from reliable financial databases and sources such as the BSE, SEBI, and financial reports. The study period spans the last 5 quarters, ensuring a comprehensive analysis of market trends and investor behaviour. The data includes daily, monthly, and yearly inflows and outflows of FII and DII, as well as corresponding BSE indices and stock prices. To assess the influence of FII and DII activities on market performance, statistical techniques such as correlation analysis, regression analysis, and time-series analysis are employed. These methods help identify patterns, relationships, and the extent of the impact of institutional investors on market trends and volatility. The analysis also includes a comparative examination of the behaviours and effects of FII and DII during different market conditions, such as periods of economic stability, market booms, and downturns. The results are further validated through robustness checks and sensitivity analyses to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the findings. Findings/Result: The analysis reveals that both Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) and Domestic Institutional Investors (DII) significantly influence the performance of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). The study finds a strong correlation between FII inflows and positive market movements, indicating that foreign investments often drive market rallies. Conversely, substantial FII outflows tend to coincide with market declines, underscoring their role in market volatility. Domestic Institutional Investors, while also impactful, show a more stabilizing effect on the market. Their investment patterns are found to be less volatile compared to FIIs, often acting as a buffer during periods of heavy foreign outflows. Originality/Value: The paper's originality lies in its dual approach of evaluating both FII and DII activities concurrently, shedding light on their distinct and combined effects on market performance. By doing so, it offers valuable insights for investors, policymakers, and financial analysts, aiding in the development of more informed investment strategies and policy decisions. This research enhances the understanding of the dynamic roles that institutional investors play in shaping market behaviour, particularly in an emerging market context like India. Paper Type: Empirical Study
Instances of Delegation and Empowerment by Leaders Observed in Indian Epics and Puranas that Inspires New Generation Researchers
Purpose: To discuss the concepts of delegation and empowerment as critical leadership tools, drawing from the rich narratives of Indian Puranas, including the Ramayana and Mahabharata. By analyzing and evaluating specific instances of delegation and empowerment depicted in these ancient texts, the paper aims to uncover timeless leadership strategies that can inspire and guide modern researchers. This exploration not only highlights the enduring relevance of these ancient practices but also provides a nuanced understanding of how such strategies can be effectively applied in contemporary leadership and organizational contexts. Methodology: En exploratory research methodology is used by analysing, comparing, evaluating, and interpretation of collected information using keyword-based search using various search engines including Google, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPTs. Analysis/Results: The instances of Leadership in Indian Puranas including Ramayana and Mahabharata are identified analysed, and evaluated. Also, the some of the instances of Delegation of authorities and empowerment of subordinators in Indian Epics and Puranas are identified, analysed, and evaluated using ABCD analysis framework. Originality/Value: How Delegation and Empowerment by Leaders Observed in Indian Epics and Puranas that Inspire New Generation Researchers and Leaders are discussed, interpreted, and suggested in the form of postulate statements. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research Analysis
Future of Higher Education through Technology Prediction and Forecasting
Purpose: This scholarly article aims to predict the future of higher education through technology prediction and forecasting. It addresses seven objectives, including providing an overview of higher education post-Covid-19, reviewing technology and tech-human generations, analyzing the environment required for an ideal education system, discussing the need and perception of education technology, predicting four stages of rapid transition in higher education, evaluating futuristic technology-based higher education systems from various stakeholders’ perspectives, and providing suggestions for managing technologies affecting the higher education system in the future. Methodology: The article employs a comprehensive exploratory research methodology, including literature review, data analysis, and stakeholder perspectives. It synthesizes existing knowledge and insights from various disciplines to inform predictions and forecasts about the future of higher education in the context of technological advancements and societal changes. Analysis/Discussions: The analysis reveals key trends, challenges, and opportunities shaping the future of higher education, including the impact of Covid-19, advancements in technology, changing demographics, and evolving student expectations. It identifies potential scenarios and trajectories for the rapid transition of higher education systems in response to technological innovation and disruption. Results/Outcome: The article provides valuable insights, analysis, and recommendations for educators, policymakers, industry leaders, and other stakeholders in higher education to navigate the challenges and opportunities of technology-driven futures. It highlights the importance of strategic planning, collaboration, and innovation in shaping the future of higher education to ensure its relevance, accessibility, and effectiveness in the digital age. Originality/Value: This article contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering a comprehensive analysis and prediction of the future of higher education through technology prediction and forecasting. It synthesizes insights from multiple disciplines and perspectives to provide a holistic understanding of the complex dynamics shaping the future of higher education in an increasingly technology-driven world. Type of Research: Exploratory research,