Poornaprajna International Journal of Management, Education & Social Science (PIJMESS)
type: channel
description: Country of Publication: India Publisher: Poornaprajna Publication, Udupi, Karnataka, India Format: Open Access ISSN: 3107-4626 Year of Start: 2024 Available from: Crossref, Indian Citation Index, Zenodo, OpenAir Frequency: 2 Issues per year Language: English Scope: Multidisciplinary in Management, Education, and Social Science Article Processing Charge: 2000 £ (Pounds) but currently free publication for first 10 years (till year 2030) Types of Journal: Academic/ Scholarly Journals Open Access: Yes Indexed & Abstracted: Yes Policy: Double blinded Peer Review Publication Ethics: Editorial Ethics Policy Review Time: Six to Eight Weeks Approximately Contact & Submission Email: pijmess@poornaprajnapublication.com Poornaprajna International Journal of Management, Education & Social Science (PIJMESS)) is an online, not-for-profit, Poornaprajna Group, Udupi sponsored free publication, blind peer-reviewed, open-access, quarterly but continuous weekly uploading of accepted papers, plagiarism free, refereed research journal published by Poornaprajna Publication, Udupi, India. PIJMESS offers free publication opportunity to its authors, allows to keep Copyright of the scholarly paper with the authors. It provides a global author-centric publishing platform for Professors, Research scholars, academicians, professionals, and students engaged in Research. The main aim of PIJMESS is to become the world’s leading Author-Centred fast publication journal that is preferred and trusted by the research community through publishing authentic, peer-reviewed, and scientifically developed research articles of international calibre. PIJMESS publishes research papers in the field of Business Management, Education, and Social Sciences. The Journal publishes scholarly articles in English. PIJMEET accepts exceptional research contribution from the authors in the form of original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, and tec…
publisher: Poornaprajna Institute of Management
language: en
publication name: Poornaprajna International Journal of Management, Education & Social Science (PIJMESS)
issn: 3107-4626
items: Ancient Wisdom, Modern Minds: Indian and Western Perspectives on Knowledge
items: E-Customer Support System in Nepalese Goods Trading: Emerging Issues, Adoption Barriers, and the DIGEST Concept
items: Assessing Nepali Bank Employees’ Views on Work–Life Harmony
items: Reducing Intermediaries in Agricultural Supply Chains Using Blockchain: Enhancing Farmer Income, Transparency, and Market Access
items: Achieving Business Excellence through Ethical Business Model: A Success Story of Tata Group, India
items: Role and Efforts of NGOs for Women Empowerment in India: A Review-Based Analysis
items: Leveraging the Alternative Strategy of the “Reverse Placement Model” for Experiential Learning in MBA Curriculum Design for Securing Executive Roles through Corporate Invitations
items: Predictive Analysis of the Impact of India's National Education Policy 2020 on Higher Secondary Education: Focus on Independent PU Colleges
items: Enhancing Engagement through Management Role-plays in MBA Education
items: Stress Levels Among Employees: A Study of Selected Banks in Kerala
items: Talent Retention Practices Adopted by the Automobile Companies with Special Reference to Chennai
items: Role of Leadership and Peer Support in Effective Stress Management in Banks
items: The Role and Impact of Human Resource Management in the Banking Sector: Challenges and Opportunities
items: Leisure Activities Profile of Indian Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder- A Qualitative Analysis
items: A Study on the Status of Training in the Indian IT Industry with the Impact of Artificial Intelligence
items: Impact of Procurement Practice Adopted on Budgetary Utilization
items: NPA Analysis of Public Sector Banks using Inferential Statistical Tools and Ranking Analysis for the Preceding Five Financial Years
items: Comparative Analysis of Volatility and Sensitivity in FMCG and IT Stocks: An Empirical Study
items: FII and DII Inflows and Outflows: Their Influence on BSE Market Performance
items: Instances of Delegation and Empowerment by Leaders Observed in Indian Epics and Puranas that Inspires New Generation Researchers
items: Future of Higher Education through Technology Prediction and Forecasting
items: Measuring Spiritual Intelligence among Higher Secondary Students: Scale Development and Psychometric Validation
items: Publishing Company and CEO Analysis Papers as Part of a 'Dark-Blue Ocean Strategy' in Professional Education to Grab Employment
items: Strengthening Cultural Bridges Through Interfaith Approaches Toward Global Harmony
items: Employee Perceptions of the ESI Scheme: A Critical Review of the Literature
items: Student-Centered Approach in Higher Education to Transform Learning in India – A New ISL Model
items: Ethics and Governance in the Upanishads: A Framework for Modern Leadership
items: Advaita Vedanta and Kashmir Shaivism: A Study of Non-Dualistic Interpretations
items: Holistic Education Redefined: Integrating STEM with Arts, Environment, Spirituality, and Sports through the Seven-Factor/Saptha-Mukhi Student Development Model
items: Understanding the Investment Preferences of Women Professionals: A Regional Perspective

Ancient Wisdom, Modern Minds: Indian and Western Perspectives on Knowledge
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description: Purpose: The question of how human beings come to know — what counts as knowledge, how beliefs are validated, which cognitive processes are trustworthy, and what the ultimate purpose of knowing is — lies at the heart of philosophy across every civilisation. Western epistemology and the epistemological traditions of India represent two of the most richly developed responses to these questions in the history of human thought. This research paper undertakes a rigorous, multi-dimensional comparative examination of these two great philosophical streams, tracing their foundational commitments, their methodologies of knowledge validation, their divergent attitudes toward perception, testimony, authority, and direct experience, and the different visions of human flourishing that animate their respective epistemic programmes. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Analysis/Results: The Western tradition, anchored in the foundational inquiries of Plato, Descartes, Locke, Hume, and Kant, has developed epistemology principally around the twin axes of empirical observation and rational deduction. Its crowning institutional achievement — the scientific method — has produced extraordinary advances in understanding the natural world. Yet it has also generated profound questions about the limits of sense experience, the possibility of certainty, the status of consciousness, and the relationship between scientific knowledge and the full range of human experience. The Indian tradition, represented by the six orthodox philosophical schools (ṣaḍ-darśana), the heterodox systems of Buddhism and Jainism, and the contemplative wisdom traditions encoded in the Upanishads and Yoga texts, has approached knowledge through the sophistica…
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creator: Ramanathan Srinivasan
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-06-30
publication date: 2026-06-30
starting page: 299
ending page: 316
doi: 10.64818/PIJMESS.3107.4626.0055

E-Customer Support System in Nepalese Goods Trading: Emerging Issues, Adoption Barriers, and the DIGEST Concept
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description: Purpose: The rapid proliferation of digital commerce has compelled businesses globally to adopt electronic customer support (e-support) systems. The goods trading industry in Nepal is still largely using traditional face-to-face modes, which leads to inefficiencies in the system and dissatisfaction among customers. This study investigates the perception of e-customer support systems of the goods traders of Bagmati Province, Nepal, to identify the key barriers to the adoption of e-support system and proposes the DIGEST concept that is a contextually grounded strategic roadmap towards overcoming the identified barriers. Methodology: The researcher employed a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design. Quantitative data were collected from 94 respondents, including employees, businesspersons, experts, and other stakeholders, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was reached with 14 employees and business participants, as well as 11 domain experts with more than five years of experience in the field. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify and derive key themes. Results & Analysis: The quantitative results indicate moderate positive perceptions of e-support systems, with the highest mean being for the improvement of international client service (M = 4.21, SD = 0.72), and the lowest being for international client satisfaction (M = 3.52, SD = 0.97). Ten major barriers were identified, consisting of: lack of a centralised addressing system, cyber security vulnerabilities, data privacy risks, lack of digital literacy, resistance to change, incomplete legal framework, weak enforcement of consumer protection, lack of a standardised e-support framework, high implementation costs, and fragmented logistics. Originality / Value: This study introduces the DIGEST (Digital Inclusive Goods E-Support) model, a six-pillar strategic framework comprising Digital Acc…
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creator: Navin Mahto
creator: Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-06-30
publication date: 2026-06-30
starting page: 285
ending page: 298
doi: 10.64818/PIJMESS.3107.4626.0054

Assessing Nepali Bank Employees’ Views on Work–Life Harmony
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description: Purpose: Work–life harmony (WLH) is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing employee well-being, motivation, and productivity. While extensive research exists internationally, limited studies explore employees’ perceptions of WLH in professional organizational settings. This study aims to assess bank employees’ perceptions of work–life harmony and identify areas for improvement. Methodology: A descriptive research design was adopted, with 56 respondents from five banks in Kathmandu Valley sampled using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a structured five-point Likert scale questionnaire covering demographic and WLH variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20, employing mean, standard deviation, percentage, and bootstrap analysis with 1,000 samples. Results & Analysis: Findings indicate a moderately positive perception of work–life harmony (Mean = 3.45, SD = 0.77). Employees reported alignment between work and personal values, emotional comfort, and mutual support of work and life goals. Variability in responses suggests differences in experiences, highlighting potential areas for organizational improvement. Originality / Value: This study provides empirical insights into WLH perceptions among bank employees in a professional organizational context, offering a foundation for future research and practical interventions to strengthen employee well-being. Type of Paper: Empirical Research Paper.
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creator: Suman Kamal Prajuli
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-06-30
publication date: 2026-06-30
starting page: 271
ending page: 284
doi: 10.64818/PIJMESS.3107.4626.0053

Reducing Intermediaries in Agricultural Supply Chains Using Blockchain: Enhancing Farmer Income, Transparency, and Market Access
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description: Purpose: This paper discusses how blockchain-enabled supply chain systems can help mitigate the excessive number of intermediaries in agricultural markets and increase value capture to smallholder farmers in developing economies, specifically India. Methodology: The study uses an empirical method which is mixed in nature based on the primary data that was gathered on 420 farmers in three agro-climatic regions of Karnataka, and 68 agro-market intermediaries were surveyed. Also, five blockchain pilot projects that were implemented in the period between 2021 and 2025 were comparatively analyzed. The research combines field information with supply chain mapping and conceptual modelling using the suggested Decentralised Agricultural Value Realisation (DAVR) model. Findings: According to the findings, the use of blockchain correlates with an average growth in farmer income by 38.4 percent and substantial time savings in the transaction time. The system increases transparency in price discovery, quality grading and payment settlement, thus lessening the reliance on intermediaries. Smart contracts are efficient replacements of crucial intermediary roles, which reduces inefficiencies and enhances trust throughout the supply chain. Originality/Value: The paper introduces a new conceptual model, which is the DAVR, that highlights key intervention points whereby blockchain can replace intermediary functions. It gives empirical data on the pilot applications in the real world, and mentions the major obstacles to adoption, including evidence of digital illiteracy, lacking cold-chain infrastructure, and regulatory challenges. The results provide practical implications to policymakers, agri-fintech innovations, and cooperative institutions seeking to establish transparent and fair agricultural markets.
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creator: M. Daniel Rajkumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-06-29
publication date: 2026-06-29
starting page: 259
ending page: 270
doi: 10.64818/PIJMESS.3107.4626.0052

Achieving Business Excellence through Ethical Business Model: A Success Story of Tata Group, India
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description: Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly article is to investigate the critical role of ethical business practices in fostering business excellence, using the Tata Group as a case study. By examining Tata Group's commitment to ethical principles, the paper aims to demonstrate how ethical frameworks can be integral to organizational success, stakeholder trust, and long-term sustainability. The research highlights the interplay between ethical business models and competitive advantage, offering insights that are relevant to academia, industry professionals, policymakers, and businesses aspiring to ethical leadership. Methodology: An exploratory research method is used. The required information is collected using keyword-based search using Google, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPTs and information is analysed using research-based analysis frameworks to interpret the results. Result/Analysis: The ethical business practices of Tata Group of Companies are analysed using SWOC analysis framework. ABCD listing analysis from an external observation point of view is applied to the Tata Group—a diversified conglomerate with interests in sectors such as steel, automotive, information technology, and consumer goods—this analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of its offerings. By systematically assessing these four dimensions, the Tata Group can identify its competitive strengths, recognize areas for improvement, and develop strategies to enhance its market position and customer satisfaction. Originality/Values: The paper, includes an analysis of the significance of ethical business practices, a brief overview of Tata Group's success story, and key findings from the analysis. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research.
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creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-11-30
publication date: 2024-11-30
starting page: 375
ending page: 408
doi: 10.64818/

Role and Efforts of NGOs for Women Empowerment in India: A Review-Based Analysis
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description: Purpose: NGOs play a crucial role in empowering women, particularly in developing countries like India, where women face significant socio-economic and cultural challenges. This review aims to synthesize and evaluate the literature on how NGOs contribute to women's empowerment in India, focusing on their diverse interventions and the impact they have on various aspects of women's lives. Methodology: This literature review employs a thematic approach, systematically analyzing research studies related to NGOs and women's empowerment. A comprehensive search was conducted in electronic databases including Google Scholar, JSTOR, and ResearchGate, using keywords such as "NGOs," "women's empowerment," "India," "microfinance," "self-help groups," and "social programs." The review includes findings from multiple studies to provide a holistic understanding of the role and effectiveness of NGOs in this context. Findings: The findings reveal that NGOs significantly impact women's empowerment by addressing economic, social, and educational barriers. NGOs contribute to economic empowerment through microfinance and self-help groups, facilitate social empowerment by challenging gender norms and providing community support, and enhance educational opportunities. Despite these achievements, challenges such as sustainability, government support, and the need for broader political empowerment remain. The review underscores the necessity for continued research and improved strategies to maximize the benefits of NGO interventions. Originality/Value: The originality and value of this analysis lie in its comprehensive examination of the roles of NGOs and self-help groups (SHGs) in women's empowerment. Type of Paper: Review-based Analysis.
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creator: Anil Crasta
creator: Laveena Dmello
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-10-30
publication date: 2024-10-30
starting page: 358
ending page: 374
doi: 10.64818/

Leveraging the Alternative Strategy of the “Reverse Placement Model” for Experiential Learning in MBA Curriculum Design for Securing Executive Roles through Corporate Invitations
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description: Purpose: The purpose of this research is to explore and propose an innovative approach to MBA curriculum design by integrating a reverse placement model, where corporate invitations for executive roles are secured through enhanced experiential learning strategies. By analyzing and identifying alternative strategies that can be embedded into the MBA curriculum, this research aims to provide insights into how these approaches can bridge the gap between academic learning and corporate leadership opportunities, thereby offering MBA graduates a competitive edge in securing executive positions. Methodology: Exploratory research method is used to collect, analyse, and suggest a new model of reverse placement to secure executive roles through corporate invitation. The information is collected from websites, Google search, Google Scholar search, and AI-driven GPTs using appropriate keywords and analysed using research skills such as analysis, comparison, evaluation, and interpretation to create new knowledge. Results/Analysis: An alternative strategy that can be incorporated into MBA curriculum design to enhance experiential learning and how this alternative strategy of increasing innovativeness of MBA graduates can lead to reverse placements, i.e., corporate invitations for executive roles. Additionally, the study assessed the effectiveness of the proposed model through stakeholder analysis using the ABCD framework. The concept of reverse placement, driven by alternative strategies like industry analysis, company analysis, CEO analysis, and business plan development, provides MBA graduates with a competitive advantage. By integrating these strategies into the MBA curriculum, students create a compelling personal brand and expertise portfolio that attracts corporations seeking forward-thinking talent. This leads to corporate invitations, offering graduates unique and high-value job placements without the need for traditional job applications. Originality/Value: The paper pro…
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creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-10-26
publication date: 2024-10-26
starting page: 316
ending page: 357
doi: 10.64818/

Predictive Analysis of the Impact of India's National Education Policy 2020 on Higher Secondary Education: Focus on Independent PU Colleges
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description: Purpose: To predict the impact of NEP 2020 on higher secondary education in Independent PU Colleges and to suggest strategies to meet the new challenges and opportunities presented by the policy. Methodology: Explorative research method is used to collect the information, predictive analysis used to suggest the effective strategies required to improve the implementation of NEP 2020 in independent PU Colleges. Analysis/Result: The current status before implementation of NEP 2020 and the future status after implementation of NEP 2020 on higher secondary education in Independent PU Colleges are analysed using frameworks like SWOC and ABCD stakeholders’ analysis. Originality/Value: The improvements in the system are predicted and implementation strategies are proposed in the form of postulates. Type of the Paper: Exploratory research analysis.
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creator: Aithal P. S.
creator: Shubhrajyotsna Aithal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-10-18
publication date: 2024-10-18
starting page: 265
ending page: 315
doi: 10.64818/

Enhancing Engagement through Management Role-plays in MBA Education
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description: Purpose: This paper explores the efficacy of utilizing management role-plays as an innovative pedagogical tool to engage MBA students in understanding complex concepts such as group dynamics and leadership theories. Methodology: A case study method is employed to assess the impact of management role-plays. Data collection involves a structured role-play approach integrated with AI-generated scripts using ChatGPT, which were refined by student input. The study focuses on the first-year MBA cohort, particularly those disengaged with traditional theoretical lessons and hesitant due to language barriers. Analysis/Discussion: The research investigates key outcomes such as increased student participation, improved retention of leadership and group dynamics concepts, and enhanced student confidence. The role of AI in script generation and its refinement by students is also analyzed. By examining student experiences, the study provides insights into how role-plays can transform learning in business education. Originality/Value: This study addresses the growing need for innovative teaching methods in business education, offering practical insights into how AI-assisted role-plays can bridge gaps in student engagement, especially for those facing language barriers. It presents emerging trends in experiential learning, contributing to the development of more interactive and inclusive MBA curricula. Type of Paper: Case Study.
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creator: Diana Saldanha
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-09-30
publication date: 2024-09-30
starting page: 251
ending page: 264
doi: 10.64818/

Stress Levels Among Employees: A Study of Selected Banks in Kerala
type: item
description: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine and compare the stress levels experienced by employees in public versus private sector banks in Kerala. It aims to identify the key factors contributing to stress in both sectors and evaluate the impact of these factors on employees' stress levels. Methodology: The study employs a comparative research design and samples employees from five selected banks, utilizing structured questionnaires for data collection. The analysis incorporates both descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including Chi-square tests, T-tests, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), to assess stress levels and identify significant stressors. Results/Analysis: The findings indicate that employees in both public and private sector banks experience moderate stress, with an average stress level of 48.33%. Major stressors identified include workload, bureaucratic processes, and competitive targets. The analysis reveals that current stress levels exceed expectations, highlighting the need for effective stress management strategies. Originality/Value: This research offers valuable insights by providing a comparative perspective on stress levels in different banking sectors and exploring the impact of organizational culture and support systems. The study contributes to the development of tailored stress management interventions for the banking sector. Type of Paper: Empirical Research Paper.
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creator: Raji Iype
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-09-30
publication date: 2024-09-30
starting page: 236
ending page: 250
doi: 10.64818/

Talent Retention Practices Adopted by the Automobile Companies with Special Reference to Chennai
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description: Purpose: This study aims to understand Talent retention Practices adopted in Automobile companies with special reference to Chennai. Methodology: The study is descriptive research by nature. It enables the researcher to summarize and organize data in an effective and meaningful way. Findings: The five dimensions of talent retention namely “Pressure at work, following the procedure, retaining culture, training, and job satisfaction were assessed in the automobile sector. The results show that employees are facing pressure at work, given adequate authority, skill enhancement possibilities, and a high level of Job security. Originality/Value: This article assesses the talent retention practices adopted in the automobile sector. This study explores the employee retention dimensions and recorded the responses of four hundred employees. Paper type: Descriptive research
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creator: J. Krithika
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-09-26
publication date: 2024-09-26
starting page: 224
ending page: 235
doi: 10.64818/

Role of Leadership and Peer Support in Effective Stress Management in Banks
type: item
description: Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of leadership and peer support on stress management among bank employees in Kerala, focusing on how these factors influence stress levels and overall job satisfaction in a high-pressure environment. Methodology: The research employs Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze data collected from a sample of 464 employees across various banks in Kerala. A structured questionnaire was utilized to assess perceptions of leadership style, peer support, and stress management. The data was evaluated using statistical techniques, including Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and regression analysis. Results/Analysis: The findings reveal that both leadership style and peer support significantly contribute to effective stress management. Leadership that provides clear direction and emotional support, along with robust peer networks, results in lower stress levels and higher job satisfaction. This study confirms that leadership and peer support have a substantial impact on stress management outcomes, enhancing overall performance and employee well-being. Originality/Value: The paper offers actionable insights for banks to develop strategies that leverage both leadership and peer support to create a supportive work environment. This study adds value by providing empirical evidence on the combined effects of leadership and peer support on stress management in the banking sector, particularly in the context of Kerala. Type of Paper: Empirical Research
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creator: Raji Iype
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-09-26
publication date: 2024-09-26
starting page: 211
ending page: 223
doi: 10.64818/

The Role and Impact of Human Resource Management in the Banking Sector: Challenges and Opportunities
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description: Purpose: Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a pivotal role in the banking sector, significantly influencing its efficiency, productivity, and overall organizational health. This paper examines the multifaceted role and impact of HRM in banking, highlighting the sector's unique challenges and opportunities. The study explores key HRM functions such as recruitment, training, performance management, and employee engagement, demonstrating their direct correlation with enhanced customer service, innovation, and financial performance. Additionally, the paper addresses contemporary challenges faced by HR professionals in the banking industry, including technological advancements, regulatory compliance, and evolving workforce expectations. The integration of technology, particularly artificial intelligence and data analytics, presents both opportunities and obstacles, necessitating a strategic approach to HRM. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of fostering a positive organizational culture and promoting diversity and inclusion to drive sustainable growth. By analyzing case studies and current trends, this paper provides valuable insights for HR practitioners and banking executives to navigate the complexities of modern HRM, ultimately contributing to the sector's resilience and long-term success. This paper aims to explore the multifaceted role of HRM in the banking sector, analyze the challenges it faces, and identify the opportunities for driving sustainable organizational success in an ever-evolving landscape. Design: This research utilized a conceptual approach by employing a descriptive research design. Secondary data was collected and analyzed to identify the factors impacting the banking sector. The findings aim to assist banking professionals in adapting to their work environment and effectively managing various situations. Findings: The findings from studies on the study finds that effective Human Resource Management (HRM) in the banking sector s…
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creator: P. Radha
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-08-16
publication date: 2024-08-16
starting page: 197
ending page: 210
doi: 10.64818/

Leisure Activities Profile of Indian Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder- A Qualitative Analysis
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description: Purpose: This study explores the leisure preferences of mothers with children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), focusing specifically on their inclination toward entertainment activities, resting, and relaxation. Design/Methodology/Approach: A cross-sectional design using an interpretive framework and an inductive approach, the researchers aimed to explore leisure time activities among a sample of 140 mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in India. Finding/Result: Findings reveal that the preference for entertainment activities, rest, and relaxation among these mothers serves multiple functions, including stress relief, emotional coping, and maintaining personal well-being. The 3 categories of Leisure activities (LA) are Entertainment activities, Rest, and relaxation. Leisure activities offer a break from the demands and challenges of caregiving, allowing mothers to recharge mentally, emotionally, and physically to maintain resilience and cope with the ongoing stressors. Originality/Value: The study underscores the importance of understanding how leisure activities are chosen and valued by mothers of children with ASD, consistently prioritizing those that offer relaxation and entertainment, reflecting their coping mechanisms and efforts to maintain personal well-being amidst caregiving responsibilities. Paper Type: Case study-based analysis
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creator: Menezes Ida Sylvia
creator: N. Vidya
creator: D’Mello Laveena
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-08-16
publication date: 2024-08-16
starting page: 185
ending page: 196
doi: 10.64818/

A Study on the Status of Training in the Indian IT Industry with the Impact of Artificial Intelligence
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description: Purpose: The study on the status of training in the Indian IT industry with the impact of artificial intelligence adopts a mixed-methods research design. Firstly, a quantitative approach involves collecting data through surveys administered to IT professionals, training providers, and industry stakeholders. The survey will capture information regarding the current training programs, the incorporation of AI-related skills, and the perceived effectiveness of existing training initiatives. Additionally, qualitative methods such as interviews and focus group discussions will be employed to gain deeper insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with AI training in the Indian IT sector. Interviews with key industry players and training experts will provide nuanced perspectives on the effectiveness of AI training programs, while focus group discussions with IT professionals will facilitate discussions on their experiences and needs regarding AI skills development. The integration of quantitative and qualitative data will offer a comprehensive understanding of the status of AI training in the Indian IT industry, enabling the identification of key areas for improvement and the formulation of recommendations to enhance training initiatives and address emerging challenges Design: The research adopted a conceptual approach, utilizing a descriptive research design to explore the status of training in the Indian IT industry and its impact on artificial intelligence. Secondary data was collected and analyzed to uncover the factors influencing the industry. The study aims to equip professionals with the necessary skills to navigate the evolving work environment and effectively tackle diverse challenges. Notably, it reveals that individuals with high IQ levels during their schooling often struggle to excel in their careers due to a deficiency in emotional intelligence (EQ). This insight underscores the importance of integrating EQ training alongside technical skills d…
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creator: J. Nirubarani
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-07-26
publication date: 2024-07-26
starting page: 171
ending page: 184
doi: 10.64818/

Impact of Procurement Practice Adopted on Budgetary Utilization
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description: Purpose: To analyze the impact of Procurement practice adopted on budgetary utilization with a case of Mandandeupur Municipality, newly formed municipality in Kavrepalanchowk district under Bagmati province of Nepal. Design/Methodology/Approach: A structured set of questionnaires were developed in order to analyze the impact of Procurement practice adopted on budgetary utilization with a case of Mandandeupur Municipality, newly formed municipality in Kavrepalanchowk district under Bagmati province of Nepal through regression and chi-square. Findings/Result: The relation between the number of bidders and budget utilization was found to be not correlated, below the engineer’s estimate. And budget utilization was found to be strongly correlated; engineer’s estimate and budget utilization were found to be significantly correlated; and the combined relation of the number of bidders below engineer’s estimate, engineer’s estimate and budget utilization was found to be significant, whereas below engineer’s estimate was most significant. The contract administration part of the contract seemed to be weak in the parts of safety and plan and strong in the case of document management. The contract administration of large budget contracts seems to follow the process, whereas projects with a small budget seem to skip the process of contract administration. Originality/Value: The pragmatic recommendations can help improve the budget utilization trend analysis and contract administration practices at the local level, leading to more effective and efficient implementation of development projects. Paper Type: Empirical Research
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creator: A. K. Mishra
creator: Sapana Khoteja
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-07-25
publication date: 2024-07-25
starting page: 144
ending page: 170
doi: 10.64818/

NPA Analysis of Public Sector Banks using Inferential Statistical Tools and Ranking Analysis for the Preceding Five Financial Years
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description: Purpose: The level of non-performing assets (NPAs) best indicates the soundness of the banking sector of a country. The purpose of this study is an effort to look into the consistency of all Indian public sector banks across five preceding financial years and among the banks using inferential statistical tools and ranking analysis cutting across 5 preceding financial years and cutting across all the public sector banks and thereby draw inferences about the Gross NPAs of all the Indian public sector banks. Methodology: All the 12 public sector banks at present have been considered for the purpose of the study. The analysis is based on secondary data collected from the Reserve Bank of India website, money control and other concerned websites. The mean scores and Co-efficient of Variation have been used as primary inferential statistical tools and standard deviation as an ancillary tool. Further, refinement of the result is done by comparing the growth of gross NPAs cutting across the years under consideration also cutting across the all the banks under consideration. Design/Analysis: The research is exploratory research and has employed secondary data for the purpose of analysis. The Population Size N=12(Total Number of Public Sector Banks at present) and sample size n=12 it implies that 100% of population is selected as samples. The methodology is that, Gross NPA ratio data from the Master Table is taken and analysis is done for all the banks year wise using mean score and standard deviation and subsequently calculating coefficient of variation. further ranking table is prepared for gross NPA ratio. subsequently the analysis is done using the between the banks in the same manner is done year wise and ranking is done. Results: The research result highlighted that from 2020 to 2024 in a span of 5 financial years, pertaining to all the banks under consideration, the mean scores of Gross NPAs are coming down. therefore, it can be inferred that the NPA levels are decreasi…
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creator: Pradeep G.
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-07-25
publication date: 2024-07-25
starting page: 132
ending page: 143
doi: 10.64818/

Comparative Analysis of Volatility and Sensitivity in FMCG and IT Stocks: An Empirical Study
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description: Purpose: This research paper investigates the volatility of sectoral indices within the Indian stock market, focusing on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Volatility, a crucial aspect of financial markets, reflects the degree of fluctuation in asset prices over time, influencing investment decisions and risk management strategies. By analyzing the volatility of sectoral indices, this study aims to uncover the underlying patterns and dynamics of different sectors within the Indian economy and their impact on overall market stability. Employing a combination of statistical techniques and empirical data from historical stock market data, the research examines the magnitude and characteristics of volatility across various sectors. Through a comprehensive analysis of sectoral volatility, the paper provides insights into the factors driving fluctuations in sectoral indices, such as economic indicators, regulatory changes, and global market trends, offering valuable implications for investors, policymakers, and market regulators seeking to navigate the complexities of the Indian stock market. Methodology: Ten BSE listed FMCG, IT companies are considered for the present research work and analysed by using statistical tools. Findings/Result: The findings of the research hold significance for investors seeking to manage risk and optimize portfolio allocation, as well as policymakers aiming to formulate effective market regulations and interventions to promote market stability. By identifying the factors influencing sectoral volatility and recommending risk management strategies, the paper offers actionable insights for market participants to navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by the Indian stock market. Additionally, the study sets a foundation for future research endeavours aimed at further exploring the complexities of sectoral volatility and its implications for the broader financial landscape. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing liter…
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creator: Venkata Lakshmi Suneetha M.
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-07-14
publication date: 2024-07-14
starting page: 117
ending page: 131
doi: 10.64818/

FII and DII Inflows and Outflows: Their Influence on BSE Market Performance
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description: Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) and Domestic Institutional Investors (DII) on the performance of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). By examining the patterns of inflows and outflows from these investors, the study aims to understand their influence on market trends, volatility, and overall performance. This analysis will provide insights for investors, policymakers, and financial analysts, helping them make informed decisions and develop strategies that consider the behaviours and effects of these significant market participants. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs a quantitative research methodology to analyze the impact of Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) and Domestic Institutional Investors (DII) on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) market performance. The research utilizes secondary data collected from reliable financial databases and sources such as the BSE, SEBI, and financial reports. The study period spans the last 5 quarters, ensuring a comprehensive analysis of market trends and investor behaviour. The data includes daily, monthly, and yearly inflows and outflows of FII and DII, as well as corresponding BSE indices and stock prices. To assess the influence of FII and DII activities on market performance, statistical techniques such as correlation analysis, regression analysis, and time-series analysis are employed. These methods help identify patterns, relationships, and the extent of the impact of institutional investors on market trends and volatility. The analysis also includes a comparative examination of the behaviours and effects of FII and DII during different market conditions, such as periods of economic stability, market booms, and downturns. The results are further validated through robustness checks and sensitivity analyses to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the findings. Findings/Result: The analysis reveals that both Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) …
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creator: Venkata Lakshmi Suneetha M.
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-07-02
publication date: 2024-07-02
starting page: 91
ending page: 116
doi: 10.64818/

Instances of Delegation and Empowerment by Leaders Observed in Indian Epics and Puranas that Inspires New Generation Researchers
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description: Purpose: To discuss the concepts of delegation and empowerment as critical leadership tools, drawing from the rich narratives of Indian Puranas, including the Ramayana and Mahabharata. By analyzing and evaluating specific instances of delegation and empowerment depicted in these ancient texts, the paper aims to uncover timeless leadership strategies that can inspire and guide modern researchers. This exploration not only highlights the enduring relevance of these ancient practices but also provides a nuanced understanding of how such strategies can be effectively applied in contemporary leadership and organizational contexts. Methodology: En exploratory research methodology is used by analysing, comparing, evaluating, and interpretation of collected information using keyword-based search using various search engines including Google, Google Scholar, and AI-driven GPTs. Analysis/Results: The instances of Leadership in Indian Puranas including Ramayana and Mahabharata are identified analysed, and evaluated. Also, the some of the instances of Delegation of authorities and empowerment of subordinators in Indian Epics and Puranas are identified, analysed, and evaluated using ABCD analysis framework. Originality/Value: How Delegation and Empowerment by Leaders Observed in Indian Epics and Puranas that Inspire New Generation Researchers and Leaders are discussed, interpreted, and suggested in the form of postulate statements. Type of Paper: Exploratory Research Analysis
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creator: Aithal P. S.
creator: Bharath V.
creator: Ramanathan S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-07-01
publication date: 2024-07-01
starting page: 51
ending page: 90
doi: 10.64818/

Future of Higher Education through Technology Prediction and Forecasting
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description: Purpose: This scholarly article aims to predict the future of higher education through technology prediction and forecasting. It addresses seven objectives, including providing an overview of higher education post-Covid-19, reviewing technology and tech-human generations, analyzing the environment required for an ideal education system, discussing the need and perception of education technology, predicting four stages of rapid transition in higher education, evaluating futuristic technology-based higher education systems from various stakeholders’ perspectives, and providing suggestions for managing technologies affecting the higher education system in the future. Methodology: The article employs a comprehensive exploratory research methodology, including literature review, data analysis, and stakeholder perspectives. It synthesizes existing knowledge and insights from various disciplines to inform predictions and forecasts about the future of higher education in the context of technological advancements and societal changes. Analysis/Discussions: The analysis reveals key trends, challenges, and opportunities shaping the future of higher education, including the impact of Covid-19, advancements in technology, changing demographics, and evolving student expectations. It identifies potential scenarios and trajectories for the rapid transition of higher education systems in response to technological innovation and disruption. Results/Outcome: The article provides valuable insights, analysis, and recommendations for educators, policymakers, industry leaders, and other stakeholders in higher education to navigate the challenges and opportunities of technology-driven futures. It highlights the importance of strategic planning, collaboration, and innovation in shaping the future of higher education to ensure its relevance, accessibility, and effectiveness in the digital age. Originality/Value: This article contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering a compreh…
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creator: Aithal P. S.
creator: Santhosh Prabhu N.
creator: Shubhrajyotsna Aithal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-07-01
publication date: 2024-07-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 50
doi: 10.64818/

Measuring Spiritual Intelligence among Higher Secondary Students: Scale Development and Psychometric Validation
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description: Purpose: The present study intents to create and validate a Spiritual Intelligence Scale for higher secondary students. It aims to evaluate spiritual intelligence as a multidimensional construct that facilitates meaning-making, self-awareness, existential reflection, and personal growth among adolescents. The study also vision to establish a reliable and valid measurement tool apt for educational and psychological research contexts. Methodology: This study adopts a quantitative research structure with a scale development and psychometric validation approach. Data were collected from 150 higher secondary students from government, aided, and unaided schools in Kottayam District, Kerala, selected using stratified random sampling. An initial pool of 15 items was developed based on an extensive review of literature and expert validation. The instrument was tested using reliability analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to examine its psychometric properties and validate the factor structure. Findings/Result: The outcome of the study revealed satisfactory internal consistency with an overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.815. EFA led to the removal of five items and identified a three-factor structure comprising Existence of Critical Thinking, Discovery of Personal Meaning, and Conscious State of Expansion. CFA confirmed the adequacy of the measurement model, with all goodness-of-fit indices meeting recommended thresholds. The standardized factor loadings and regression weights were statistically significant, confirming strong construct validity. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the development of a context-specific and psychometrically validated Spiritual Intelligence Scale for higher secondary students. It provides a reliable instrument for further research in educational psychology and enhances understanding of spiritual intelligence as a key factor in adolescent development and well-being. Paper Type: Empirical Research…
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creator: Soumya V.
creator: Santhosh Kumar K.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-06-09
publication date: 2026-06-09
starting page: 249
ending page: 258
doi: 10.64818/PIJMESS.3107.4626.0051

Publishing Company and CEO Analysis Papers as Part of a 'Dark-Blue Ocean Strategy' in Professional Education to Grab Employment
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description: Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly paper is to explore an innovative response to the evolving challenges in professional education, particularly the growing disconnect between traditional academic pathways and meaningful employment opportunities. As employers increasingly seek candidates with demonstrated industry insight, adaptability, and initiative, professional education must evolve beyond routine placement support. In this context, the paper introduces the Dark-Blue Ocean Strategy—a hybrid framework combining the value innovation of Blue Ocean Strategy with the strategic targeting of Black Ocean Strategy—to propose a new model for enhancing employability. Specifically, the paper investigates the effectiveness of publishing Company and CEO Analysis Papers as a differentiated tool for job-seeking, positioning students as proactive analysts rather than passive applicants. This approach aligns with the emerging Reverse Placement Model, where students draw attention from companies by demonstrating strategic understanding and leadership insight, thereby shifting the hiring dynamic from reactive to opportunity-generating. The study aims to evaluate this approach’s potential as a future-facing educational innovation that bridges the academic-industry gap. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Analysis & Findings: The analysis and key findings of this study reveal that the Dark-Blue Ocean Strategy (DBOS)—a hybrid of Blue and Black Ocean strategic thinking—can be effectively contextualized within higher education as a forward-thinking employability model. Through the lens of Company and CEO analysis publication, the research validates the Reverse Placement Model, wherein students attract employer interest by…
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creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-06-16
publication date: 2025-06-16
starting page: 129
ending page: 153
doi: 10.64818/

Strengthening Cultural Bridges Through Interfaith Approaches Toward Global Harmony
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description: Purpose: This paper “Strengthening Cultural Bridges Through Interfaith Approaches Toward Global Harmony” explores the evolving nature of religious boundaries in a modern, interconnected world and offers practical strategies for fostering global unity through interfaith dialogue. The paper examines how historical divisions between religious communities have been transformed by globalization, pluralism, and secularism, resulting in both opportunities and challenges for interfaith cooperation. It emphasizes the importance of understanding and respecting religious boundaries while promoting dialogue, empathy, and shared values to address global issues such as conflict, inequality, and environmental degradation. By presenting real-world case studies and actionable frameworks, this study aims to equip individuals, faith leaders, and policymakers with the tools to navigate religious diversity, reduce prejudice, and cultivate peaceful coexistence in diverse societies. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Results/Analysis: Studies indicate that for successful interfaith cooperation, there should be clear boundaries and a well-structured dialogue along with respect between communities. Technology offers religious communities the opportunity to connect, learn, and collaborate without being geographically constrained. However, fostering meaningful interfaith relationships requires the careful building of trust through face-to-face interactions and shared activities. Originality/Values: In today's world, conflicts within different religions and beliefs can lead to divisive issues. Compassion and understanding are vital components to construct bridges between communities throughout the globe. Type of the Paper: Explorat…
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creator: Ramanathan Srinivasan
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-06-11
publication date: 2025-06-11
starting page: 119
ending page: 128
doi: 10.64818/

Employee Perceptions of the ESI Scheme: A Critical Review of the Literature
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description: Purpose of Study: The study aims to critically evaluate employee perceptions of the Employees' State Insurance (ESI) Scheme in India, with a focus on how awareness, satisfaction, and perceived service quality influence the scheme’s effectiveness. Recognizing the policy-practice gap, the paper explores how subjective employee experiences shape utilisation patterns and engagement with social insurance programs. Methodology: The article adopts a systematic literature review approach, selecting peer-reviewed and empirical studies focused on ESI awareness, accessibility, and employee satisfaction across Indian states. The study applies thematic analysis informed by Social Exchange Theory and the Theory of Reasoned Action to synthesise key trends, challenges, and policy implications. Conceptual Framework & Analysis: The review is grounded in behavioral and perception-based policy theories, revealing that employee trust and perception—not just policy design—determine the real-world success of the ESI Scheme. Key themes identified include low awareness, inconsistent service delivery, procedural barriers, and underutilisation of entitled benefits. The paper also integrates comparative insights from private insurance schemes and proposes strategic institutional reforms using models by Aithal (2016) for improved service alignment. Outcome: The findings underscore that effective policy outcomes in social security schemes depend on perception management, streamlined service delivery, and proactive communication. Strategic reforms aligned with employee needs can significantly enhance the ESI Scheme's impact, particularly through digital integration, decentralised monitoring, and inclusive outreach efforts. Novelty/Value: This review uniquely positions employee perception as both a metric and mechanism of policy success. By bridging empirical insights with strategic management frameworks, it offers a perception-centric lens for enhancing public insurance schemes and contributes ac…
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creator: Krishnaraj Bhat
creator: Sureshramana Mayya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-06-05
publication date: 2025-06-05
starting page: 104
ending page: 118
doi: 10.64818/

Student-Centered Approach in Higher Education to Transform Learning in India – A New ISL Model
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description: Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly paper, "Student-Centered Approach in Higher Education to Transform Learning in India – A New ISL Model", is to conceptualize and propose an innovative educational framework—Integrated Super Learning (ISL) Model—that holistically enhances student development by unifying three critical dimensions: confidence boosting through skill-based learning, maturity development through ethical and value-based education, and competency building through technology and research integration. Grounded in both conceptual and analytical methodologies, the paper aims to fill the existing gaps in fragmented student-centered learning models by offering a comprehensive, scalable, and contextually relevant solution for Indian higher education institutions. Methodology: This study employs an exploratory research design, integrating conceptual and analytical frameworks to propose and validate the new Integrated Super Learning (ISL) model aimed at transforming student-centered learning in Indian higher education. The proposed model is analysed using appropriate analysis frameworks. Results/Analysis: The paper employs qualitative methods, including an extensive literature review and stakeholder consultations, to develop and validate the Integrated Super Learning (ISL) Model. To evaluate the feasibility and practicality of the ISL framework, two strategic tools are applied (1) SWOC Analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Challenges) – This is used to assess the internal and external factors that influence the implementation and effectiveness of the ISL model from institutional and academic standpoints. (2) ABCD Analysis (Advantages, Benefits, Constraints, Disadvantages) – framework provides a balanced examination of the ISL model’s holistic value and limitations in real-world educational environments. Originality/Value: The innovative educational framework—Integrated Super Learning (ISL) Model—that holistically enhances student development by unifyi…
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creator: Aithal P. S.
creator: Shubhrajyotsna Aithal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-04-29
publication date: 2025-04-29
starting page: 81
ending page: 103
doi: 10.64818/

Ethics and Governance in the Upanishads: A Framework for Modern Leadership
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description: Purpose: The Upanishads, ancient Indian philosophical texts, are often revered for their profound metaphysical insights. However, beyond their spiritual teachings, they offer valuable ethical principles and governance models that remain relevant in contemporary leadership contexts. This paper explores the ethical framework embedded in Upanishadic philosophy, focusing on concepts such as Dharma (righteousness), Satya (truth), self-awareness, and non-attachment (Vairagya). By examining dialogues and teachings from key Upanishads, particularly the Brihadaranyaka, Chandogya, and Katha Upanishads, this study identifies principles that can inform modern leadership practices, including ethical decision-making, servant leadership, sustainability, and value-based governance. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Analysis/ Results: Ultimately, the Upanishadic framework bridges the gap between ancient wisdom and contemporary leadership practices, offering enduring lessons on how to lead with integrity, compassion, and a sense of higher purpose. By revisiting these ancient texts, modern leaders can cultivate ethical governance models that foster not just organizational success but also social harmony and human flourishing. Originality/ Values: The comparative analysis highlights how the Upanishadic emphasis on inner transformation, integrity, and selfless action (Nishkama Karma) offers a timeless framework for leaders navigating complex ethical dilemmas in today’s globalized, dynamic environments.
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creator: Ramanathan Srinivasan
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-03-18
publication date: 2025-03-18
starting page: 65
ending page: 80
doi: 10.64818/

Advaita Vedanta and Kashmir Shaivism: A Study of Non-Dualistic Interpretations
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description: Purpose: Advaita Vedanta and Kashmir Shaivism represent two profound non-dualistic philosophies that challenge conventional perceptions of separation and multiplicity. This study examines their distinct interpretations of reality, exploring how each tradition articulates the unity of existence through differing metaphysical frameworks. Advaita Vedanta posits an absolute, formless Brahman as the singular reality, with individual selfhood viewed as an illusion arising from ignorance. In contrast, Kashmir Shaivism embraces a dynamic, creative process where divinity manifests through a spectrum of energies and conscious play. Through comparative analysis of classical texts and modern scholarly interpretations, the paper elucidates the nuanced dialogues between static monism and dynamic realism. It further investigates the implications of these doctrines for contemporary spiritual practice and philosophical inquiry. Methodology: In this paper, the exploratory qualitative research method is used. The relevant information is collected using keyword-based search in Google search engine, Google Scholar search engine, and AI-driven GPTs. This information is analysed and interpreted as per the objectives of the paper. Results/ Analysis: Ultimately, the synthesis of Advaita Vedanta and Kashmir Shaivism enriches the global discourse on spirituality and metaphysics, offering profound lessons on unity, transformation, and the quest for truth in an ever-evolving world. This inquiry reaffirms the timeless appeal of non-dualistic perspectives while challenging modern intellectual paradigms by merging analytical rigor with mystical insight. Originality/ Values: This research contributes to a deeper understanding of non-dualistic thought and its transformative potential in bridging ancient wisdom with modern existential challenges. Ultimately, these insights illuminate deep paths to inner peace and clarity.
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creator: Aithal P. S.
creator: Ramanathan Srinivasan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-28
publication date: 2025-02-28
starting page: 53
ending page: 64
doi: 10.64818/

Holistic Education Redefined: Integrating STEM with Arts, Environment, Spirituality, and Sports through the Seven-Factor/Saptha-Mukhi Student Development Model
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description: Purpose of Study: The study aims to propose the Saptha-Mukhi Model, a holistic education framework integrating Science, Technology, Environment, Arts, Mathematics, Sports, and Spirituality (STEAMSS). It addresses the limitations of the Western STEM model and the Indian Pancha-mukhi Shikshana Paddathi, creating a balanced approach that combines intellectual, physical, emotional, and spiritual growth. Methodology: The article adopts a conceptual and exploratory approach, analyzing existing educational frameworks (STEM and Pancha-mukhi) and synthesizing their strengths. The study employs comparative analysis and theoretical modeling to develop the Saptha-Mukhi framework, ensuring alignment with modern and traditional educational goals. Conceptual Model & Analysis: The Saptha-Mukhi Model integrates seven core principles: (1) Science: Enhancing analytical thinking and innovation, (2) Technology: Preparing students for a digital future, (3) Environment: Promoting sustainability and eco-consciousness, (4) Arts & culture: Fostering creativity and emotional intelligence, (5) Mathematics: Strengthening logical reasoning and problem-solving, (6) Sports & games: Encouraging physical health, teamwork, and resilience, (7) Spirituality: Cultivating ethical values and mindfulness. A comparative analysis highlights how the Saptha-Mukhi Model bridges the gaps in STEM’s lack of emotional and spiritual development and Panchamukhi’s limited focus on modern technological skills. Outcome: The proposed model provides a comprehensive educational framework that: Develops super-confident, super-mature, and super-competitive learners. Fosters academic excellence, personal growth, and societal responsibility. Aligns with India’s NEP 2020 goals, emphasizing holistic, inclusive, and engaging education. Novelty/Value: The Saptha-Mukhi Model is unique in its integration of modern STEM principles with the spiritual, emotional, and physical dimensions of Pancha-mukhi Shikshana Paddathi. It offers a f…
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creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-24
publication date: 2025-01-24
starting page: 1
ending page: 52
doi: 10.64818/

Understanding the Investment Preferences of Women Professionals: A Regional Perspective
type: item
description: Purpose: The study aims to investigate the investment preferences of women professionals based on their financial priorities such as growth, income, long-term profit, balanced element, tax savings, and short-term earnings. It seeks to examine how these priorities influence their allocation of financial resources across various investment options and to understand the underlying behavioural tendencies guiding their financial decisions. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study adopts a quantitative research design, employing a structured questionnaire administered to 100 women professionals across five Taluks in Kerala. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize investment patterns, and reliability analysis using Cronbach’s Alpha was conducted to assess the internal consistency of financial constructs. Furthermore, regression analysis and ANOVA were performed to evaluate the impact and significance of financial priorities on investment preferences. The analytical approach provides empirical evidence on how women professionals strategically balance risk and returns in their investment behavior. Findings/Result: The findings reveal that women professionals prioritize long-term profit, balanced element, and tax savings when making investment decisions. Regression results demonstrate that these factors significantly influence investment behavior, while short-term profit and income exhibit comparatively lower effects. ANOVA results further confirm statistically significant differences in investment preferences based on financial priorities, indicating a preference for stable and tax-efficient investment options. The study highlights a shift among women professionals toward risk-mitigated, long-term wealth creation strategies. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the growing body of literature on gender-based investment behavior by providing empirical insights into how women professionals in Kerala make strategic investment decisions. It underscores the importa…
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creator: Santhosh Kumar K.
creator: Aithal P. S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 218
ending page: 228
doi: 10.64818/